Files
Chuang Zhang 72bf13a395 Interconnecting with the UBShmTransport Based on the LD/ST Shared Memory Semantics. (#3290)
* add ubring transport

* fix the  bug for ub ring transport

* fix the  bug for ub ring transport and other

* add the license for ub transport

* Modifying the variable naming style

* optimize the log message and some field name

* fix some bug for ubring

* add some log ubring endpoint

* add todo

* fix the bug for handshake for ub endpoint

* fix the bug for client ub endpoint

* optimize the iobuf file code

* modify the log level

* fix the declare_shm_ubs define not found bug

* add the timer_mgr support for macos and format code style

* fix the bug for macos epoll

* fix the timespece bug

* adaptor the itimerspec for macos platform

* optimize the cmakelist config

* add the ubring docs for ubring transport

* modify some file name and directory structure

* modify some code style and optimize code logical

* add the cmake ubshm transport ci/testing

* add the dependency header

* bug fix the code

* Fix UB shm allocation cleanup crashes (#11)

Co-authored-by: 郭业昌 <lvpengfei@MacBook-Air.local>

* remove the brpc_ubshm_unittest

* Found and fixed two stability issues (#13)

* 修复ubring server端关闭连接coredump问题

* 修复PollIn/PollOut解引用已释放Socket指针的问题

PollIn/PollOut通过ep->_socket(裸指针)读取data socket,当data socket
被销毁时该指针悬空,导致Socket::Address读到垃圾id触发SIGSEGV。
改为存储_socket_id(SocketId),用Address获取引用计数的Socket,
并在整个回调期间持有该引用,避免解引用悬空指针。

* 修复client非正常退出导致UBRING shm残留的问题

client被强杀(SIGTERM/崩溃/OOM)时teardown没跑完,localShm(_C)的
shm_unlink未执行,导致/dev/shm残留_C文件。server的remoteShm只munmap
不unlink(正确),无法清理client的名字。

在握手ESTABLISHED时(client/server都确认对方已mmap自己的localShm)
立即unlink localShm名字。此时对端已持有mmap引用,unlink只删名字不
影响通信;进程任意时刻退出都不会残留文件名。

* Address chenBright's review: use English comments and BAIDU_CACHELINE_ALIGNMENT

- Convert all Chinese comments in ubshm to English (per chenBright's
  'Please use English' on ub_endpoint.cpp:723, ub_ring.cpp:337,
  shm_ubs.cpp:316, and similar)
- Replace __attribute__((aligned(64))) with BAIDU_CACHELINE_ALIGNMENT
  in ubr_msg.h (per chenBright's comment on ubr_msg.h:41)
- Remove unnecessary TODO comment in ub_ring.cpp:551 (per chenBright's
  'Unnecessary comments, please delete')

* Remove unused lock macros in thread_lock.h

Per chenBright's review, the functions and macros defined in
thread_lock.h are largely unused. Verified usage across ubshm:
- LOCK_GUARD / UnlockMutex: 8 call sites in shm_ubs.cpp and
  ub_ring_manager.cpp, kept.
- SPIN_LOCK_GUARD, R_LOCK_GUARD, W_LOCK_GUARD, SEMAPHORE_WAIT_GUARD,
  SEMAPHORE_WAIT_GUARD_WITH_CLOSE and their helper functions
  (UnlockSpinLock, UnlockRWLock, PostSem, PostSemWithClose): 0 call
  sites, removed.

* Apply chenBright's review on timer_mgr globals

Per chenBright's review on timer_mgr.cpp:32-37:
- Add explicit default values to uninitialized globals
  (g_total_timer_num=0, g_max_system_fd=0, g_epoll_execute_thread=0,
  g_timer_module_initialized=0)
- Rename globals to snake_case (g_epollFd -> g_epoll_fd,
  g_totalTimerNum -> g_total_timer_num, g_timerFdCtxMap ->
  g_timer_fd_ctx_map, maxSystemFd -> g_max_system_fd,
  g_epollExecuteThread -> g_epoll_execute_thread,
  g_timerModuleInitialized -> g_timer_module_initialized)
- maxSystemFd also gains the g_ prefix to match global naming style

Also fix the missing std:: qualifier on atomic_fetch_sub/add/load
(per chenBright's earlier comment on timer_mgr.cpp:80).

* Change CloseTimerFd fd type from uint32_t to int

Per chenBright's review on timer_mgr.cpp:399 (uint32_t -> int).
fd is a system file descriptor; POSIX APIs use int and -1 denotes an
invalid fd, which uint32_t cannot represent. Changed the CloseTimerFd
signature (header + definition) and removed the now-unnecessary
(uint32_t) casts at the two call sites.

* Use BAIDU_LIKELY/BAIDU_UNLIKELY instead of custom __builtin_expect

Per chenBright's review on common.h:27. Rather than redefine the
macros with __builtin_expect directly, forward LIKELY/UNLIKELY to
brpc's standard BAIDU_LIKELY/BAIDU_UNLIKELY (from butil/compiler_specific.h).
The 122 call sites keep using LIKELY()/UNLIKELY() unchanged; only the
macro bodies change, preserving semantics.

* Add unit tests for UBShmEndpoint

Per chenBright's request to add unit tests for UBShmTransport in this
PR (rather than a follow-up).

Adds test/brpc_ubring_unittest.cpp with tests covering the public
interface of UBShmEndpoint under the g_skip_ub_init=true mode (which
skips real shared-memory/poller setup):
- construct_and_destruct: lifecycle safety
- is_writable_false_when_skip_init: skip-mode behavior
- reset_is_idempotent: Reset() is safe to call repeatedly

The file follows the brpc_*_unittest.cpp naming convention so it is
auto-collected by test/CMakeLists.txt's file(GLOB). Verified: compiles,
links, and all 3 tests pass (g++ 15.2, C++17, gtest, BRPC_WITH_UBRING=ON).

* Rewrite UBShmEndpoint unit tests with real coverage

Per chenBright's feedback that the previous tests were too simple and
did not cover the main methods.

Source changes to enable testing:
- Move HelloMessage struct declaration from ub_endpoint.cpp to
  ub_endpoint.h so tests can access it
- Expose private members under #ifdef UNIT_TEST (precedent:
  butil/containers/stack_container.h) so tests can call
  AllocateClientResources without -Dprivate=public (which breaks
  GCC 15 + new libstdc++ <any>/<sstream>)

Tests (9, all passing on Ubuntu 26.04 g++ 15.2 C++17 gtest):
HelloMessageTest (5): serialize/deserialize roundtrip, network byte
order verification, uint64 max boundary, full shm_name, toString
UBShmEndpointTest (4): construct, real IPC shm
AllocateClientResources (g_skip_ub_init=false), reset cleanup, reset
idempotency

* rename the variable to snake_case style

---------

Co-authored-by: YeChang Guo <52730608+YChange01@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: 郭业昌 <lvpengfei@MacBook-Air.local>
Co-authored-by: gure <740684863@qq.com>
2026-07-19 13:02:08 +08:00

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[中文版](README_cn.md)
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![brpc logo (light)](docs/images/logo.png#gh-light-mode-only)
![brpc logo (dark)](docs/images/logo-white.png#gh-dark-mode-only)
[bRPC](https://brpc.apache.org/) is an Industrial-grade RPC framework using C++ Language, which is often used in high performance system such as Search, Storage, Machine learning, Advertisement, Recommendation etc.
### "bRPC" means "better RPC".
You can use it to:
* Build a server that can talk in multiple protocols (**on same port**), or access all sorts of services
* restful http/https, [h2](https://httpwg.org/specs/rfc9113.html)/[gRPC](https://grpc.io). using http/h2 in bRPC is much more friendly than [libcurl](https://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/). Access protobuf-based protocols with HTTP/h2+json, probably from another language.
* [redis](docs/en/redis_client.md) and [memcached](docs/en/memcache_client.md), thread-safe, more friendly and performant than the official clients.
* [rtmp](https://github.com/apache/brpc/blob/master/src/brpc/rtmp.h)/[flv](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_Video)/[hls](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_Live_Streaming), for building [streaming services](https://github.com/brpc/media-server).
* hadoop_rpc (may be opensourced)
* [rdma](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote_direct_memory_access) support
* [thrift](docs/en/thrift.md) support, thread-safe, more friendly and performant than the official clients.
* all sorts of protocols used in Baidu: [baidu_std](docs/en/baidu_std.md), [streaming_rpc](docs/en/streaming_rpc.md), hulu_pbrpc, [sofa_pbrpc](https://github.com/baidu/sofa-pbrpc), nova_pbrpc, public_pbrpc, ubrpc and nshead-based ones.
* Build [HA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_availability) distributed services using an industrial-grade implementation of [RAFT consensus algorithm](https://raft.github.io) which is opensourced at [braft](https://github.com/brpc/braft)
* Servers can handle requests [synchronously](docs/en/server.md) or [asynchronously](docs/en/server.md#asynchronous-service).
* Clients can access servers [synchronously](docs/en/client.md#synchronus-call), [asynchronously](docs/en/client.md#asynchronous-call), [semi-synchronously](docs/en/client.md#semi-synchronous-call), or use [combo channels](docs/en/combo_channel.md) to simplify sharded or parallel accesses declaratively.
* Debug services [via http](docs/en/builtin_service.md), and run [cpu](docs/en/cpu_profiler.md), [heap](docs/en/heap_profiler.md) and [contention](docs/en/contention_profiler.md) profilers.
* Get [better latency and throughput](docs/en/overview.md#better-latency-and-throughput).
* [Extend bRPC](docs/en/new_protocol.md) with the protocols used in your organization quickly, or customize components, including [naming services](docs/en/load_balancing.md) (dns, zk, etcd), [load balancers](docs/en/load_balancing.md) (rr, random, consistent hashing)
# Try it!
* Read [overview](docs/en/overview.md) to know where bRPC can be used and its advantages.
* Read [getting started](docs/en/getting_started.md) for building steps and play with [examples](https://github.com/apache/brpc/tree/master/example/).
* Docs:
* [Performance benchmark](docs/en/benchmark.md)
* [bvar](docs/en/bvar.md)
* [bvar_c++](docs/en/bvar_c++.md)
* [bthread](docs/en/bthread.md)
* [bthread or not](docs/en/bthread_or_not.md)
* [thread-local](docs/en/thread_local.md)
* [Execution Queue](docs/en/execution_queue.md)
* [bthread tracer](docs/en/bthread_tracer.md)
* [bthread tagged task group](docs/en/bthread_tagged_task_group.md)
* Client
* [Basics](docs/en/client.md)
* [Error code](docs/en/error_code.md)
* [Combo channels](docs/en/combo_channel.md)
* [Access http/h2](docs/en/http_client.md)
* [Access gRPC](docs/en/http_derivatives.md#h2grpc)
* [Access thrift](docs/en/thrift.md#client-accesses-thrift-server)
* [Access UB](docs/en/ub_client.md)
* [Streaming RPC](docs/en/streaming_rpc.md)
* [Access redis](docs/en/redis_client.md)
* [Access memcached](docs/en/memcache_client.md)
* [Backup request](docs/en/backup_request.md)
* [Dummy server](docs/en/dummy_server.md)
* Server
* [Basics](docs/en/server.md)
* [Serve http/h2](docs/en/http_service.md)
* [Serve gRPC](docs/en/http_derivatives.md#h2grpc)
* [Serve thrift](docs/en/thrift.md#server-processes-thrift-requests)
* [Serve Nshead](docs/en/nshead_service.md)
* [Debug server issues](docs/en/server_debugging.md)
* [Server push](docs/en/server_push.md)
* [Avalanche](docs/en/avalanche.md)
* [Auto ConcurrencyLimiter](docs/en/auto_concurrency_limiter.md)
* [Media Server](https://github.com/brpc/media-server)
* [json2pb](docs/en/json2pb.md)
* [Builtin Services](docs/en/builtin_service.md)
* [status](docs/en/status.md)
* [vars](docs/en/vars.md)
* [connections](docs/en/connections.md)
* [flags](docs/en/flags.md)
* [rpcz](docs/en/rpcz.md)
* [cpu_profiler](docs/en/cpu_profiler.md)
* [heap_profiler](docs/en/heap_profiler.md)
* [contention_profiler](docs/en/contention_profiler.md)
* Tools
* [rpc_press](docs/en/rpc_press.md)
* [rpc_replay](docs/en/rpc_replay.md)
* [rpc_view](docs/en/rpc_view.md)
* [benchmark_http](docs/en/benchmark_http.md)
* [parallel_http](docs/en/parallel_http.md)
* Others
* [IOBuf](docs/en/iobuf.md)
* [Streaming Log](docs/en/streaming_log.md)
* [FlatMap](docs/en/flatmap.md)
* [Coroutine](docs/en/coroutine.md)
* [Circuit Breaker](docs/en/circuit_breaker.md)
* [UBRing](docs/en/ubring.md)
* [RDMA](docs/en/rdma.md)
* [Bazel Support](docs/en/bazel_support.md)
* [Wireshark baidu_std dissector plugin](docs/en/wireshark_baidu_std.md)
* [bRPC introduction](docs/cn/brpc_intro.pptx)(training material)
* [A tutorial on building large-scale services](docs/en/tutorial_on_building_services.pptx)(training material)
* [bRPC internal](docs/en/brpc_internal.pptx)(training material)
* RPC in depth
* [New Protocol](docs/en/new_protocol.md)
* [Atomic instructions](docs/en/atomic_instructions.md)
* [IO](docs/en/io.md)
* [Threading Overview](docs/en/threading_overview.md)
* [Load Balancing](docs/en/load_balancing.md)
* [Locality-aware](docs/en/lalb.md)
* [Consistent Hashing](docs/en/consistent_hashing.md)
* [Memory Management](docs/en/memory_management.md)
* [Timer keeping](docs/en/timer_keeping.md)
* [bthread_id](docs/en/bthread_id.md)
* Use cases
* [User cases](community/cases.md)
# Contribute code
Please refer to [here](CONTRIBUTING.md).
# Feedback and Getting involved
* Report bugs, ask questions or give suggestions by [Github Issues](https://github.com/apache/brpc/issues)
* Subscribe to the mailing list(dev-subscribe@brpc.apache.org) to get updated with the project
# Code of Conduct
We follow the code of conduct from Apache Software Foundation, please refer it here [Link](https://www.apache.org/foundation/policies/conduct)