The TripDecision header comment claimed each webapp instance maintained
its own rate counter — wrong. evaluateTrip writes to mollifier:rate:\${envId}
with no per-instance prefix, so all replicas pointing at the same Redis
share the key. The threshold is the fleet-wide ceiling.
Also wrap d.evaluator() in evaluateGate in try/catch so a throwing
evaluator falls back to no-divert. The default createRealTripEvaluator
catches its own errors, but the contract should be symmetric with the
already-wrapped resolveOrgFlag call so a future evaluator can't break
the trigger hot path's fail-open contract.
resolveOrgFlag now checks the per-org Organization.featureFlags override
in-memory before falling back to the global flag() helper, so the common
per-org enablement path resolves without a Prisma round-trip on every
trigger call. evaluateGate also wraps the flag resolution in try/catch
and fails open to false on error, mirroring the trip evaluator.
The per-org isolation suite uses `postgresTest`, which spins up a fresh Postgres testcontainer per case. On CI the 5s vitest default regularly times out on container start before the test body runs. Match the 30s `vi.setConfig` used by other postgresTest suites in this app.
- Gate drainer init on WORKER_ENABLED so only worker replicas run the polling loop.
- Update the enqueueSystem TTL comment now that delayed/pending-version are first enqueues.
- Correct the mollifier gate docstring to describe the fixed-window counter and tripped-key rearm.
- Swap findUnique for findFirst in the trigger task test to match the webapp Prisma rule.
The unit cascade tests in mollifierGate.test.ts import the gate module,
which transitively pulls in ~/db.server. That module constructs the
prisma singleton at import time and eagerly calls $connect(), which
fails against localhost:5432 in the unit-test shard and surfaces as an
unhandled rejection that fails the whole vitest run. Mocking the module
keeps the cascade tests pure and leaves the postgresTest cases on the
testcontainer-fixture prisma untouched.
The mollifier gate's resolveOrgFlag was a global feature-flag lookup
named as if org-scoped. Phase-1 plan and design doc both intended
per-org gating; the implementation regressed because the global
flag() helper has no orgId parameter.
Adopt the existing per-org feature-flag pattern (used by canAccessAi,
canAccessPrivateConnections, compute beta gating): pass
`Organization.featureFlags` through as `flag()` overrides. Per-org
opt-in now works admin-toggleable via the existing
Organization.featureFlags JSON column — no schema migration needed.
- mollifierGate: revert resolveFlag/flagEnabled back to
resolveOrgFlag/orgFlagEnabled (the name now matches reality).
GateInputs gains `orgFeatureFlags`; the default resolver passes
them as overrides to `flag()`.
- triggerTask.server.ts: thread `environment.organization.featureFlags`
into the gate call.
- tests: three new postgresTest cases exercise the real DB-backed
resolveOrgFlag end-to-end, proving (a) per-org opt-in isolation,
(b) unrelated beta flags don't bleed across, (c) per-org overrides
take precedence over the global FeatureFlag row.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
- changeset: drop "deferred" wording — phase-1 actively dual-writes + runs
the drainer ack loop.
- worker.server.ts: wrap mollifier drainer init in try/catch + register
SIGTERM/SIGINT handlers so the polling loop stops cleanly on shutdown.
- bufferedTriggerPayload: only serialise idempotencyKeyExpiresAt when an
idempotencyKey is present (avoid impossible orphan-expiry payloads).
- mollifierTelemetry: narrow recordDecision reason to DecisionReason union
to keep OTEL attribute cardinality bounded.
- mollifierGate: rename resolveOrgFlag → resolveFlag. The underlying
FeatureFlag table is global by key, so the "org" prefix was misleading;
per-org gating is out of scope for phase-1.
- tests: drop vi.fn mocks. mollifierGate now uses plain closure spies;
mollifierTripEvaluator runs against a real MollifierBuffer backed by a
redisTest container (closed client exercises the fail-open path).
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Phase 1 of the trigger-burst smoothing initiative. Adds the A-side trip
evaluator (atomic Lua sliding-window per env) and wires it into the trigger
hot path. When the per-org mollifierEnabled feature flag is on AND the
evaluator says divert, the canonical replay payload is buffered to Redis
(via buffer.accept) AND the trigger continues through engine.trigger —
i.e. dual-write. The drainer pops + acks (no-op handler) to prove the
dequeue mechanism works end-to-end. Operators audit by joining
mollifier.buffered (write) and mollifier.drained (consume) logs by runId.
Buffer primitives hardened:
- accept is idempotent on duplicate runId (Lua EXISTS guard)
- pop skips orphan queue references (entry HASH TTL'd while runId queued)
- fail no-ops on missing entry (no partial FAILED hash leak)
- mollifier:envs set pruned on draining pop, restored on requeue
- 16-row truth-table test enumerates the gate cascade
- BufferedTriggerPayload defines the canonical replay shape Phase 2 will
use to invoke engine.trigger
- payload hash for audit-equivalence computed off the hot path (in the
drainer) to avoid CPU during a spike
Regression tests in apps/webapp/test/engine/triggerTask.test.ts pin the
mollifier integration:
- validation throws BEFORE the gate runs (no orphan buffer write on
rejected triggers)
- mollify dual-write happy path (Postgres + Redis both reflect the run)
- pass_through path does NOT call buffer.accept
- engine.trigger throwing AFTER buffer.accept leaves an orphan
(documented behaviour — drainer auto-cleans; audit-trail surfaces it)
- idempotency-key match short-circuits BEFORE the gate is consulted
- debounce match produces an orphan (documented behaviour — Phase 2
must lift handleDebounce upfront before buffer.accept)
Behaviour with MOLLIFIER_ENABLED=0 (default) is byte-identical to main.
With MOLLIFIER_ENABLED=1 and the flag off, only mollifier.would_mollify
logs fire (no buffer state). With the flag on, dual-write activates.
Includes two opt-in *.fuzz.test.ts suites (gated on FUZZ=1) that
randomise operation sequences against evaluateTrip and the drainer to
find timing edges. They are clearly marked TEMPORARY in their headers.
Redis-backed burst-smoothing layer behind MOLLIFIER_ENABLED=0 (default).
With the kill switch off, the gate short-circuits on its first env check
and production behaviour is identical to main.
@trigger.dev/redis-worker:
- MollifierBuffer: atomic Lua-backed FIFO with accept / pop / ack /
requeue / fail + TTL. Per-env queues with HSET entry storage,
atomic RPOP + status transition, FIFO retry ordering.
- MollifierDrainer: generic round-robin worker with concurrency cap,
retry semantics, and a stop deadline to avoid livelock on a hung
handler. Phase 3 will wire the handler to engine.trigger().
- Full testcontainers-backed test suite (21 tests).
apps/webapp:
- evaluateGate cascade-check (kill switch -> org feature flag ->
shadow mode -> trip evaluator -> mollify / shadow_log / pass_through).
Dependencies injected for testability; the trip evaluator stub
returns { divert: false } in phase 1.
- Inserted into RunEngineTriggerTaskService.call() before
traceEventConcern.traceRun. The mollify branch throws (unreachable
in phase 1).
- Lazy MollifierBuffer + MollifierDrainer singletons; no Redis
connection unless MOLLIFIER_ENABLED=1.
- 12 MOLLIFIER_* env vars (all safe defaults) and a mollifierEnabled
feature flag in the global catalog.
- Drainer booted from worker.server.ts on first import.
- Read-fallback stub for phase 3.
- Gate cascade tests + .env loader so env.server validates in vitest
workers.
Phase 2 will land the real trip evaluator; phase 3 will activate the
buffer-write + drain path.
Concurrent `POST /api/v1/deployments` requests for the same environment
race on the `WorkerDeployment(environmentId, version)` unique
constraint. Both requests read the same latest deployment via
`findFirst`, compute the same next version via
`calculateNextBuildVersion`, and both attempt
`prisma.workerDeployment.create()` — one wins, the other crashes with
Prisma `P2002`. The bug is a classic TOCTOU between the version read and
the version write; it's been latent since the version-assignment logic
was first added but only fires when two deploys land within milliseconds
of each other (CI matrices, retried CLI calls, webhook-triggered
redeploys).
## Approach
Extracts the version assignment + create into a small helper
`createDeploymentWithNextVersion`
(`apps/webapp/app/v3/services/initializeDeployment/createDeploymentWithNextVersion.server.ts`).
The helper retries on `P2002 (environmentId, version)` up to 5 times
with randomised 5–50ms jitter so N concurrent racers don't loop in
lockstep. Each attempt re-reads the latest version, recomputes via
`calculateNextBuildVersion`, and re-runs the caller's `buildData`
callback so version-dependent fields (image ref tag, friendlyId) are
always consistent with the version actually persisted. A `logger.warn`
fires per collision so the retry rate is observable in production logs.
When retries are exhausted, the helper throws a dedicated
`DeploymentVersionCollisionError` carrying `environmentId`, `attempts`,
and `lastAttemptedVersion`, with the original
`PrismaClientKnownRequestError` attached as `cause`. Sentry walks the
`cause` chain natively, so contention exhaustion shows up as a
distinguishable wrapper exception linked to the underlying `P2002`
rather than a generic unique-constraint violation that looks identical
to every other duplicate-key bug.
The behavioural change is limited to "catch P2002 and retry instead of
crashing." The image ref computation stays inside the builder callback
(same call site as before the refactor), so ECR / non-ECR behaviour, S2
stream creation order, and all downstream side effects are unchanged.
## Non-goals
- No new database migrations, no schema changes, no isolation-level /
locking changes. A serialisable transaction or advisory lock would also
fix this; retry-on-conflict is the smaller change that keeps the
existing version-allocation logic intact.
- Does not touch the analogous `calculateNextBuildVersion` call in
`createBackgroundWorker.server.ts`, which likely has the same race shape
against `BackgroundWorker`'s unique constraint — flagged as a follow-up.
## Test plan
- [x] `pnpm run typecheck --filter webapp` passes (no new errors in the
modified files).
- [x] Three real-Postgres tests in
`apps/webapp/test/createDeploymentWithNextVersion.test.ts` via
`containerTest`:
- 5 concurrent calls all produce distinct, persistable versions
(`Set(versions).size === concurrency`). The naive read-then-create
version of the helper fails this test with the exact same `P2002` seen
in production; the retry version passes.
- Non-`P2002` errors raised from the `buildData` callback propagate
immediately without retry, builder invoked exactly once.
- With `maxRetries: 0`, concurrent racers surface the wrapped
`DeploymentVersionCollisionError` (not a raw `P2002`); `environmentId`,
`attempts`, `lastAttemptedVersion` are populated and `error.cause.code
=== "P2002"`.
- [x] Existing `apps/webapp/test/getDeploymentImageRef.test.ts` still
green (the file was untouched in the final diff).
## Follow-ups (not in this PR)
- `createBackgroundWorker.server.ts` likely has the same TOCTOU shape
against its background-worker version unique constraint — should use the
same helper.
- Sentry visibility check: confirm `error.cause` chain renders as a
linked exception in the Sentry UI when the wrapped error fires (requires
a sandboxed triggering of the exhaustion path).
Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Adds the chat.agent({...}) task definition (server runtime) and the
browser-side TriggerChatTransport + AgentChat that drives it from a
React or Next.js app. The runtime sits on top of the Sessions primitive
and handles the durable conversational task lifecycle.
Server runtime:
- chat.agent({...}) — session-aware task definition
- Lifecycle hooks: onChatStart, onTurnStart, onTurnComplete, onAction,
onValidateMessages, hydrateMessages
- chat.history read primitives for HITL flows
- chat.local, chat.headStart, chat.handover, oomMachine
- Delta-only wire + S3 snapshot reconstruction at run boot
- Actions are no longer turns
Browser transport:
- TriggerChatTransport (ai-sdk Transport): delta-only wire sends,
SSE reconnection with lastEventId resume, stop/abort cleanup,
dynamic accessToken refresh
- AgentChat: direct programmatic API
- useTriggerChatTransport (React hook)
- chat-tab-coordinator: cross-tab leader election
Includes the chat-agent, chat-agent-delta-wire-snapshots,
chat-history-read-primitives, chat-head-start, chat-actions-no-turn,
chat-session-attributes, agent-skills, and mock-chat-agent-test-harness
changesets.
## Summary
Consolidates the webapp's authentication and authorization into a small
set of route helpers, replacing the ad-hoc `requireUser` /
`requireUserId` / `authenticatedEnvironmentForAuthentication` calls
scattered across routes. Same security model, but the per-request flow
(authenticate → authorize → load) now lives in one place per route
family.
Introduces a plugin seam (`@trigger.dev/plugins`) that lets the cloud
build install a richer RBAC implementation without touching webapp code.
The OSS fallback keeps the pre-RBAC permissive behaviour intact, so
self-hosted deployments work unchanged.
Adds a comprehensive end-to-end auth test suite that didn't exist before
— 193 `it()` blocks (vitest reports ~199 after `it.each` expansion)
covering API key, PAT and JWT auth across the public API surface, plus
dashboard session auth for admin pages.
## Changes
### Plugin contract — `@trigger.dev/plugins`
`RoleBaseAccessController` interface authoritative for both OSS
(fallback) and cloud (enterprise plugin):
- `authenticateBearer(request, { allowJWT? })` — API-key / public-JWT
auth, returns env + ability
- `authenticateSession(request, { userId, organizationId?, projectId?
})` — dashboard auth, caller resolves `userId` from the session cookie
and passes it in (no `helpers.getSessionUserId` callback — decouples the
plugin host from session-cookie code)
- `authenticatePat(request, { organizationId?, projectId? })` — PAT
auth, returns identity + `lastAccessedAt` so the host can throttle the
per-request update
- `authenticateAuthorize*` variants for the auth-and-check-in-one-call
cases
- `isUsingPlugin(): Promise<boolean>` — capability flag for UI /
branching where plugin-present-ness matters; replaces the
sentinel-string coupling that had `personalAccessToken.server` matching
`"RBAC plugin not installed"` literally
### Dashboard auth (started, partial rollout)
Admin and settings pages migrated to a unified `dashboardLoader` /
`dashboardAction` helper that authenticates the session, runs an
authorization check, and exposes the result to the route. Other
dashboard routes still on the old pattern; remaining migration tracked
in TRI-8730.
Migrated routes:
- `admin.*` (14 admin / back-office / feature-flags / LLM-models /
notifications / orgs / concurrency pages)
- `_app.orgs.$organizationSlug.settings.team`
- `_app.orgs.$organizationSlug.settings.roles`
### API / realtime / engine auth (complete for the migrated families)
71 routes migrated to a unified `apiBuilder` that centralizes Bearer /
PAT / Public-JWT authentication and applies the per-route authorization
check before the handler runs. Includes:
- `api.v1.*` and `api.v2.*` and `api.v3.*` — tasks, runs, batches,
queues, prompts, deployments, query, sessions, waitpoints, packets,
workers, idempotency keys
- `realtime.v1.*` — runs, batches, sessions, streams
- `engine.v1.*` — dev / worker-action protocols
29 routes still on the legacy `authenticateApiRequest*` helpers —
tracked as a post-deploy follow-up in TRI-9228.
Multi-resource auth direction is now explicit at the call site via
`anyResource(...)` (OR) and `everyResource(...)` (AND). Bare arrays no
longer typecheck — fixes a class of bug where a JWT scoped to one
resource could implicitly access others under OR semantics.
PAT auth path consolidated: was three DB queries per request (legacy
`authenticateApiRequestWithPersonalAccessToken` findFirst +
`rbac.authenticatePat` join + `lastAccessedAt` update). Now one query in
the steady state — plugin returns `lastAccessedAt`, host smart-skips the
update via JS-side throttle when fresh.
Side effect: action aliases preserved historic JWT scope semantics where
the new model is stricter (e.g. a `write:tasks` JWT now also satisfies
`trigger` / `batchTrigger` / `update` actions on the same resource —
matched at the auth boundary, not in the route handler).
### Backwards-compat fixes
The strict-match model regressed several real-world JWT shapes. Each
preserved via explicit `anyResource(...)` entries in the route's authz
block:
- **Batch retrieve routes** (`api.v1.batches.$batchId`, `api.v2.*`,
`realtime.v1.batches.*`) accept `read:runs` JWTs again (pre-RBAC
literal-match superScope behaviour)
- **Runs list routes** (`api.v1.runs`, `realtime.v1.runs`) accept
type-level `read:tasks` / `read:tags` on unfiltered queries (matched the
legacy `Object.keys` iteration semantic)
- **PAT/OAT auth shape** normalized through `toAuthenticated` so all
auth methods return the same slim `AuthenticatedEnvironment` (was:
API-key returned the slim shape but PAT/OAT returned raw Prisma
`Decimal` / no `orgMember`)
- **Scope `:` preservation** in resource ids — `read:tags:env:staging`
now correctly identifies the tag id as `env:staging`, not `env`
### Slim `AuthenticatedEnvironment`
Extracted to `@trigger.dev/core/v3/auth/environment` — a structural
shape independent of `@trigger.dev/database`. The plugin contract
returns this; webapp consumers import from there; the cloud plugin
(Drizzle) returns the same shape without Prisma's `Decimal` class
leaking into the public surface. Lets internal-packages (run-engine,
etc.) refer to `AuthenticatedEnvironment` without pulling Prisma in.
### Auth test suite (new — `*.e2e.full.test.ts`)
193 e2e tests run against a real spawned webapp + Postgres (no mocks).
Coverage matrix:
- **API key auth** — read / write / trigger / batchTrigger / deploy
actions across runs, batches, deployments, prompts, queues, query,
sessions, input-streams, waitpoints, tasks, idempotency keys; multi-key
resources (a run carries batch / tag / task identifiers — auth must
accept any matching scope)
- **Personal Access Token auth** — comprehensive matrix: scope match,
scope mismatch, missing scope, expired token, malformed token
- **Public JWT auth** — sub-vs-URL environment resolution, expired JWTs,
signature verification, scope checking, otu (one-time-use) token
semantics, branch-environment signing-key fallback
- **Dashboard session auth** — admin-only pages reject non-admins;
per-action gating
- **Cross-cutting edge cases** — revoked API key grace window, JWT
cross-environment isolation, MissingResource branch behaviour
### Hygiene cleanups
- Deleted dead `app/services/authorization.server.ts` (legacy
`checkAuthorization` + types — no live consumers post-migration) and its
orphaned test
- Dropped the never-populated `scopes` field from
`ApiAuthenticationResultSuccess`
- `scheduleEmail` moved out of `email.server.ts` into its own module —
breaks a `commonWorker → marqs/V1` import chain that was poisoning the
auth test graph
- OSS Roles page shows a deployment-aware empty state ("Roles aren't
available in this self-hosted deployment" vs the plan-upsell copy) via
`rbac.isUsingPlugin()`
- Team action handler: explicit per-intent ability gates
(`manage:billing` for purchase-seats, `manage:members` for set-role +
remove-member with self-leave carve-out)
### Cross-repo coordination
All public-package contract changes paired in `triggerdotdev/cloud#763`
(rbac-packages branch) — the enterprise plugin implements the same
`RoleBaseAccessController` interface against Drizzle.
## Test plan
- [x] `pnpm run typecheck --filter webapp` clean
- [x] `pnpm --filter webapp exec vitest run --config
vitest.e2e.full.config.ts` — 193/193 pass (requires Docker for
testcontainers)
- [x] Spot-check an authed API endpoint with a valid + invalid API key
against a local stack
- [x] Spot-check the migrated admin pages render and gate non-admins
---------
Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
## Summary
Stamps the active OpenTelemetry `trace_id` and `span_id` onto every
Sentry event captured from the webapp, so engineers can copy a
`trace_id` from a Sentry issue and search for the corresponding trace in
any OTel-aware backend. Also adds an `otel_sampled` tag to indicate
whether the trace was head-sampled — a cheap signal for whether the link
will resolve to span data or hit a missing trace.
## Why
Sentry and OTel were OTel-disconnected: `apps/webapp/sentry.server.ts`
initialised Sentry with `skipOpenTelemetrySetup: true`, and no
error-capture site (`logger.server.ts`, the Remix-wrapped `handleError`,
the root `ErrorBoundary`) attached OTel context to the event. With many
spans/sec across services, getting from a Sentry issue to its trace was
guesswork.
## Approach
Single global Sentry event processor, registered immediately after
`Sentry.init`. On each event it reads
`trace.getActiveSpan()?.spanContext()` via `@opentelemetry/api`, then
writes:
- `event.contexts.trace.trace_id` and `event.contexts.trace.span_id`
(Sentry's native trace context fields)
- `event.tags.otel_sampled` = `"true"` | `"false"` (derived from
`traceFlags`)
If no active span (module-load errors, scheduled timers without a
context, primary cluster process), the processor returns the event
unmodified — Sentry's default propagation context fills in.
Implementation is co-located in `apps/webapp/sentry.server.ts` (no
separate helper module — `sentry.server.ts` is built standalone by
esbuild and a separate import would have required a new bundling step).
Helper functions are exported so the unit tests can reach them without
re-running `Sentry.init`.
## Non-goals (deliberate)
- No sample rate change. ~95% of Sentry events will carry a `trace_id`
that returns no spans in the tracing backend (head-sampled out). The
`otel_sampled` tag makes that obvious at a glance. Raising find-rate is
a separate conversation with cost trade-offs.
- No user/org tags or `Sentry.setUser` (would need auth-helper +
per-request scope wiring across multiple worker entrypoints — separate
ticket).
- Webapp image only. No changes to supervisor or CLI workers.
## Test plan
- [x] Unit tests in `apps/webapp/test/sentryTraceContext.server.test.ts`
— 9 tests covering: helper returns \`undefined\` with no active span;
returns \`traceId\`/\`spanId\`/\`sampled=true\` for a recording span;
returns \`sampled=false\` for a non-recording span; processor leaves the
event unchanged with no active span; processor stamps
\`trace_id\`/\`span_id\` onto \`contexts.trace\`; preserves existing
\`contexts.trace\` fields; tags \`otel_sampled\` correctly for both
sampled and non-sampled cases; never throws if \`@opentelemetry/api\`
access throws.
- [x] \`pnpm run typecheck --filter webapp\` passes.
- [x] Manually verified end-to-end against a sandboxed Sentry project:
confirmed both sampled and non-sampled traces correctly populate
\`contexts.trace.trace_id\` matching the OTel ids logged from the
loader, and the \`otel_sampled\` tag appears with the expected value.
Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
<img width="2284" height="2028" alt="CleanShot 2026-05-01 at 18 53
50@2x"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/4f58cbb1-0168-40fb-a523-017f2ba625a1"
/>
## Performance
- **Per-request DB hit**: `getUserId` runs `getEffectiveSessionDuration`
(User lookup + Org `aggregate`) on *every* authenticated request,
including each fetcher poll. Consider caching the effective duration in
the session cookie with a short TTL (e.g. 60s) and revalidating in the
background.
- **Double session commit in `root.tsx`**: `getUser` already runs the
expiry check; then `commitAuthenticatedSessionLazy` commits the cookie
again. Fine, but doubles `Set-Cookie` headers on every page load — worth
a quick perf check.
## Correctness / Edge cases
- **Lazy backfill assumes a root.tsx hit first**: users whose first
post-deploy request is a fetcher/API route (`/resources/*`) skip the
backfill until they navigate to a page. Not a security hole, but
`getUserId` could backfill itself for completeness.
- **No upper bound on `Organization.maxSessionDuration`**: admin API
accepts `1` second, which would instant-logout every member on next
request. Add a `min(60)` (or `min(300)` to match the lowest user option)
to the Zod schema.
- **No clock-skew tolerance**: `isSessionExpired` is exact-millisecond.
Multi-instance deploys with skewed clocks could log users out a few
seconds early/late. Probably fine for the 5-min minimum, but worth
noting.
## Security
- **Auto-logout audit log lacks IP/orgId**: HIPAA forensics typically
wants source IP and which org context. Currently logs only `userId` +
path. IP isn't PII for audit purposes; orgIds help correlate. Add both.
- **Cookie `Max-Age` is 1 year regardless of user's setting**:
intentional (server-side `issuedAt` is the source of truth), but
reviewers will ask. Add a one-line comment on the cookie config
explaining why.
## API surface
- **`maxSessionDuration` is admin-PAT only**: no in-app UI for org
owners to set/change their own cap. If this is "Trigger staff sets it
during HIPAA onboarding", say so in the PR description; otherwise add an
org-settings UI.
- **Auto-submit dropdown has no confirmation**: misclicking "5 minutes"
immediately shortens the user's session window with no undo. Consider a
save button or 3-sec undo toast.
## Schema / migration
- **`User.sessionDuration NOT NULL DEFAULT 31556952`**: instant on PG
11+ (metadata-only), but call out in the PR description so reviewers
don't worry about a table rewrite on the User table.
- **No DB-level constraint matching `SESSION_DURATION_OPTIONS`**: if the
option list changes, existing users keep orphaned values. The dropdown's
tag-along behaviour hides this — fine for now, but if you ever drop an
option you'll need a backfill.
## UX
- **Session expiry only fires on next request**: an idle authenticated
tab keeps showing UI past the cap (until SSE/polling catches it, ~60s).
Add a client-side timer based on the user's effective duration that
triggers a fetcher to `/account` or `/logout` at expiry.
- **No "you were signed out" message on logout**: users hitting their
cap are bounced to `/` with no explanation. Was intentionally reverted
in this PR — call that out so reviewers don't request it.
## Tests
- Unit coverage on `sessionDuration.server.ts` is solid (215 lines).
Missing: integration test for `getUserId` → expired session → redirect
to `/logout`, and one for the loader's clamping fix (the most recent
bug). Add at least the second one to lock in the regression.
---------
Co-authored-by: Matt Aitken <matt@mattaitken.com>
Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
## Summary
Each successful PAT (`PersonalAccessToken`) or OAT
(`OrganizationAccessToken`) authentication issues a `prisma.X.update({
lastAccessedAt: new Date() })` to bump the timestamp. For tokens used at
high frequency (CLI clients, integrations) this generates a per-request
DB write that is mostly redundant — the `lastAccessedAt` field is only
surfaced on the settings page so users can decide which tokens to
revoke, and "within the last 5 minutes" is plenty of granularity for
that.
## Design
Replace each unconditional `update` with a conditional `updateMany`
whose `WHERE` requires the existing `lastAccessedAt` to be `NULL` or
strictly older than 5 minutes:
```ts
await prisma.personalAccessToken.updateMany({
where: {
id: personalAccessToken.id,
OR: [
{ lastAccessedAt: null },
{ lastAccessedAt: { lt: new Date(Date.now() - PAT_LAST_ACCESSED_THROTTLE_MS) } },
],
},
data: { lastAccessedAt: new Date() },
});
```
The conditional runs inside the SQL `UPDATE`, so concurrent auths can't
race into a double-write.
No schema change. No migration. No new infrastructure. Throttle is a
hardcoded constant (`5 * 60 * 1000`) — easy to revisit.
## Test plan
- [x] `pnpm run typecheck --filter webapp`
- [x] `pnpm vitest run ./test/services/personalAccessToken.test.ts
./test/services/organizationAccessToken.test.ts` — 6/6 pass, verifying
the throttle `WHERE` clause is constructed correctly and the `update` is
skipped on token-not-found / wrong-prefix paths
> ⚠️ **Not released yet.** This PR is the server-side foundation only.
The SDK changes that customers will actually use (`chat.agent`
migration, `chat.createStartSessionAction`, `useTriggerChatTransport`
updates) live on a separate branch and ship together in an upcoming
`@trigger.dev/sdk` prerelease. Until that prerelease is published, this
surface is reachable only via direct HTTP.
## What this gives Trigger.dev users
A new first-class primitive, **Session**, for durable, task-bound,
bidirectional I/O that outlives any single run. Sessions are the run
manager for `chat.agent` going forward, and they unblock anything else
that needs "one identifier, many runs over time" with a stable channel
pair the client can write to and subscribe to.
### Use cases unblocked
- **Chat agents that persist across many runs.** One session per chat
(keyed on your own `chatId` via `externalId`), turns 1..N attach to the
same Session, the UI subscribes once and keeps receiving output as new
runs take over.
- **Approval loops and long-running tasks with user feedback.** The task
waits on `.in`, the client writes to `.in`, the server enforces
no-writes-after-close.
- **Workflow progress streams that live past the run.** Subscribe to
`.out` after the task finishes to replay history.
- **Resume-next-day flows.** A session is a durable row, not a transient
stream. Send a message a day later and the server triggers a fresh run
on the same session.
### How it works (Session-as-run-manager)
A Session row is task-bound (`taskIdentifier` + `triggerConfig` are
required) and owns its current run via `currentRunId` +
`currentRunVersion` for optimistic claim. Three trigger paths:
1. **Session create** — `POST /api/v1/sessions` creates the row and
triggers the first run synchronously.
2. **Append-time probe** — `POST
/realtime/v1/sessions/:session/in/append` checks if the current run is
alive; if it has terminated (idle exit, crash, etc.), the server
triggers a new run before processing the append.
3. **End-and-continue handoff** — `POST
/api/v1/sessions/:session/end-and-continue`, called by the running
agent, triggers a fresh run and atomically swaps `currentRunId`. Used by
`chat.requestUpgrade()` for version handoffs.
Every triggered run is recorded in the `SessionRun` audit table with a
reason (`initial`, `continuation`, `upgrade`, `manual`).
## Public API surface
### Control plane
- `POST /api/v1/sessions` — create. Idempotent on `(env, externalId)`.
Triggers the first run, returns the session and a session-scoped public
access token. Returns 409 if the upserted row is already closed.
- `GET /api/v1/sessions/:session` — retrieve by friendlyId
(`session_abc...`) or by your own externalId (server disambiguates by
prefix).
- `GET /api/v1/sessions` — list with filters (`type`, `tag`,
`taskIdentifier`, `externalId`, derived `status` ACTIVE/CLOSED/EXPIRED,
created-at range) and cursor pagination. Backed by ClickHouse.
- `PATCH /api/v1/sessions/:session` — update tags / metadata /
externalId.
- `POST /api/v1/sessions/:session/close` — terminate. Idempotent,
hard-blocks new server-brokered writes.
- `POST /api/v1/sessions/:session/end-and-continue` — agent-only handoff
to a fresh run.
### Realtime
- `PUT /realtime/v1/sessions/:session/:io` — initialize a channel.
Returns S2 credentials in headers so high-throughput clients can write
direct to S2.
- `GET /realtime/v1/sessions/:session/:io` — SSE subscribe. Supports
Last-Event-ID resume and an opt-in `X-Peek-Settled: 1` header that
fast-closes the stream when the upstream is already settled
(`trigger:turn-complete`), eliminating long-poll wait on
reconnect-on-reload paths.
- `POST /realtime/v1/sessions/:session/:io/append` — server-side
appends.
- `POST /api/v1/runs/:runFriendlyId/session-streams/wait` — runs wait on
a session stream as a waitpoint, with a race-check to avoid suspending
if data already landed.
### Auth scopes
`sessions` is a new resource type. `read:sessions:{id}`,
`write:sessions:{id}`, `admin:sessions:{id}` flow through the existing
JWT validator. Session-scoped public access tokens minted by the server
replace browser-held trigger-task tokens for chat-style flows — the
browser never sees a run identifier or a run-scoped token in steady
state.
## What's coming after this PR
- **SDK + chat.agent migration**: separate branch, separate PR, ships in
the next `@trigger.dev/sdk` prerelease alongside this server deploy.
Customers using the prerelease `chat.agent` will follow the [upgrade
guide](https://github.com/triggerdotdev/trigger.dev/blob/docs/tri-7532-ai-sdk-chat-transport-and-chat-task-system/docs/ai-chat/upgrade-guide.mdx).
- **Dashboard surfaces**: dedicated agent list, agent playground, agent
view on the run dashboard. Tracking separately.
## Implementation notes
- **Postgres `Session` table**: scalar scoping columns (`projectId`,
`runtimeEnvironmentId`, `environmentType`, `organizationId`) without
FKs, matching the January TaskRun FK-removal decision. Point-lookup
indexes only — list queries go to ClickHouse. Terminal markers
(`closedAt`, `expiresAt`) are write-once.
- **ClickHouse `sessions_v1`**: ReplacingMergeTree, partitioned by
month, ordered by `(org_id, project_id, environment_id, created_at,
session_id)`. Tags indexed via `tokenbf_v1` skip index.
- **`SessionsReplicationService`**: mirrors `RunsReplicationService`
exactly — leader-locked logical replication consumer,
`ConcurrentFlushScheduler`, retry with exponential backoff + jitter,
identical metric shape. Dedicated slot + publication so the two consume
independently.
- **S2 keys**: `sessions/{addressingKey}/{out|in}`. The existing
`runs/{runId}/{streamId}` key format for run-scoped streams is
untouched.
- **Optimistic claim**: `ensureRunForSession` triggers a run upfront
(cheap to cancel if it loses the race), then attempts an `updateMany`
keyed on `currentRunVersion`. Loser cancels its triggered run and reuses
the winner's. No DB lock held across the trigger.
### What did NOT change
Run-scoped `streams.pipe` / `streams.input` and the existing
`/realtime/v1/streams/{runId}/...` routes are unchanged. Sessions are
net-new — not a reshaping of the current streams API.
## Deploy notes
- Set `SESSION_REPLICATION_CLICKHOUSE_URL` and
`SESSION_REPLICATION_ENABLED=1` to enable the replication consumer.
- The `Session` table needs `REPLICA IDENTITY FULL` set on the prod
source DB before the publication is created (same one-time DDL we did
for `TaskRun`). Required for delete events to carry full column values.
- Cross-form authorization on the `GET /api/v1/sessions/:session` loader
(a JWT minted for either form authorizes both URL forms). Action routes
are URL-form-specific, matching how the SDK mints PATs.
## Verification
- Webapp typecheck clean (10/10).
- `apps/webapp/test/sessionsReplicationService.test.ts` — round-trip
tests for insert/update/delete through Postgres logical replication into
ClickHouse via testcontainers.
- Live end-to-end against local dev: create + retrieve (both forms) +
update + close, `.out.initialize` + `.out.append` x2 + `.in.send` +
`.out.subscribe` over SSE, list with all filter combinations +
pagination, `end-and-continue` swap, `X-Peek-Settled` fast-close
(verified in browser via reconnect-on-reload and via curl). Replicated
row lands in ClickHouse within ~1s.
- Multi-round Devin + CodeRabbit review feedback addressed
(read-after-write paths use `prisma` writer, info-leak on auth-routes
masked as 403, peek-settled discriminator parsing fix, etc.).
## Test plan
- [ ] `pnpm run typecheck --filter webapp`
- [ ] `pnpm run test --filter webapp
./test/sessionsReplicationService.test.ts --run`
- [ ] Start the webapp with `SESSION_REPLICATION_CLICKHOUSE_URL` and
`SESSION_REPLICATION_ENABLED=1`. Confirm the slot and publication
auto-create on boot.
- [ ] `POST /api/v1/sessions` and verify the row replicates to
`trigger_dev.sessions_v1` within a couple of seconds.
- [ ] `POST /api/v1/sessions/:id/close`, then confirm `POST
/realtime/v1/sessions/:id/out/append` returns 400.
- [ ] Reuse a closed session's `externalId` on `POST /api/v1/sessions`
and confirm 409.
- [ ] `GET /realtime/v1/sessions/:id/out` with `X-Peek-Settled: 1` after
a turn completes and confirm `X-Session-Settled: true` response header +
immediate close.
Adds a minimal end-to-end test harness that spawns the compiled webapp
as a child
process against a throwaway Postgres container, plus a baseline of 8
auth-behaviour
tests. These tests will be used as a regression check before and after
the upcoming
apiBuilder RBAC migration to confirm auth behaviour is unchanged.
## What's included
**`internal-packages/testcontainers/src/webapp.ts`** (new)
Spawns `build/server.js` with a dynamically allocated port, polls
`/healthcheck`,
and exposes `WebappInstance` and `startTestServer()` (postgres container
+ webapp +
PrismaClient in one call). Key details:
- Uses `process.execPath` so the correct Node binary is found in forked
test processes
- Sets `NODE_PATH` to `node_modules/.pnpm/node_modules` so pnpm-hoisted
transitive
deps (e.g. `eventsource-parser`) resolve correctly inside the subprocess
- Overrides both `PORT` and `REMIX_APP_PORT` so Vite's automatic `.env`
loading
doesn't override the dynamically allocated port
**`internal-packages/testcontainers/package.json`**
Adds `./webapp` sub-path export so tests can `import from
"@internal/testcontainers/webapp"`.
**`internal-packages/testcontainers/src/index.ts`**
Exports `createPostgresContainer` (used internally by `webapp.ts`).
**`apps/webapp/test/helpers/seedTestEnvironment.ts`** (new)
Creates a minimal org → project → environment row set with random
suffixes.
**`apps/webapp/test/api-auth.e2e.test.ts`** (new)
8 tests across two suites:
- API-key bearer: valid key (auth passes, 404), missing header (401),
invalid key (401), error body shape
- JWT bearer: valid JWT on JWT-enabled route (passes), valid JWT on
non-JWT route (401), empty-scope JWT (403), wrong signing key (401)
## How to run
```bash
# Build required first (one-time)
pnpm run build --filter webapp
cd apps/webapp && pnpm exec vitest run test/api-auth.e2e.test.ts
```
## Test plan
- [x] All 8 tests pass against the current webapp build
- [x] Webapp healthcheck returns 200 on startup
- [ ] CI passes
---------
Co-authored-by: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-authored-by: Copilot Autofix powered by AI <62310815+github-advanced-security[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Devin AI <158243242+devin-ai-integration[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
## Problem
When `batchTrigger()` is called with large payloads, each item's payload
is uploaded to R2 server-side during the streaming loop before being
enqueued. This makes the loop slow — around 3 seconds per item. Workers
pick up and execute each item as it's enqueued, running concurrently
with the ongoing stream.
For the last item in the batch, a race exists between the streaming loop
finishing and the batch completion cleanup:
1. The loop enqueues the last item and returns from `enqueueBatchItem()`
2. A waiting worker picks up the item almost instantly and executes it
3. `recordSuccess()` fires, `processedCount` hits the expected total,
`finalizeBatch()` runs
4. `cleanup()` deletes all Redis keys for the batch, including
`enqueuedItemsKey`
5. The streaming loop exits and calls `getBatchEnqueuedCount()` — reads
the now-deleted key — returns 0
The count check finds `enqueuedCount (0) !== batch.runCount`, falls
through to a Postgres fallback, but the fallback only checked `sealed`.
The BatchQueue completion path sets `status = COMPLETED` in Postgres
without setting `sealed = true` (that's the streaming endpoint's job),
so the fallback misses it too.
This causes the endpoint to return `sealed: false`. The SDK treats this
as retryable and retries up to 5 times with exponential backoff. Each
retry calls `enqueueBatchItem()`, which reads the batch meta key from
Redis — also deleted by `cleanup()` — and throws "Batch not found or not
initialized" (500). The final retry gets a 422 because the batch is
already COMPLETED, which the SDK does not retry, causing an `ApiError`
to be thrown from `await batchTrigger()` in the parent run — even though
all child runs completed successfully.
## Fix
In the Postgres fallback inside `StreamBatchItemsService`, also check
`status === "COMPLETED"` alongside `sealed`. This covers the
fast-completion path where the BatchQueue finishes all runs before the
streaming endpoint gets to seal the batch normally.
Also switches `findUnique` to `findFirst` per webapp convention.
---------
Co-authored-by: Devin AI <158243242+devin-ai-integration[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Replace the expensive DISTINCT query for task filter dropdowns with a
dedicated TaskIdentifier registry table backed by Redis. Environments
migrate automatically on their next deploy, with a transparent fallback
to the legacy query for unmigrated environments. Also fixes duplicate
dropdown entries when a task changes trigger source, and adds
active/archived grouping for removed tasks. Moves BackgroundWorkerTask
reads in the trigger hot path to the read replica.
A single "fetch failed" from the object store was aborting the entire
batch stream with no retry. Added p-retry (3 attempts, 500ms-2s backoff)
around ploadPacketToObjectStore so transient network errors self-heal
server-side instead of propagating to the SDK.
This allows seamless migration to different object storage.
Existing runs that have offloaded payloads/outputs will continue to use
the default object store (configured using `OBJECT_STORE_*` env vars).
You can add additional stores by setting new env vars:
- `OBJECT_STORE_DEFAULT_PROTOCOL` this determines where new run large
payloads will get stored.
- If you set that you need to set new env vars for that protocol.
Example:
```
OBJECT_STORE_DEFAULT_PROTOCOL=“s3"
OBJECT_STORE_S3_BASE_URL=https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com
OBJECT_STORE_S3_ACCESS_KEY_ID=<val>
OBJECT_STORE_S3_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=<val>
OBJECT_STORE_S3_REGION=us-east-1
OBJECT_STORE_S3_SERVICE=s3
```
---------
Co-authored-by: nicktrn <55853254+nicktrn@users.noreply.github.com>
- Added versions filtering on the Errors list and page
- Added errors stacked bars to the graph on the individual error page
---------
Co-authored-by: James Ritchie <james@trigger.dev>
Adds three new top-level columns to the ClickHouse task_runs_v2 table
primarily for analytics:
- `trigger_source` / `root_trigger_source` - extracted from the existing
TaskRun.annotations JSON during WAL
replication
- `is_warm_start` - new nullable boolean on TaskRun in Postgres, set in
the existing taskRun.update() at attempt
start (no additional write). null until the first attempt starts.
Run region is already available via the existing `worker_queue` column
in ClickHouse.
- Automatic LLM cost enrichment for AI SDK spans (streamText,
generateText, generateObject) or any other spans that use semantic
gen_ai attributes with support for 145+ models
- New AI span inspector sidebar showing model, tokens, cost, messages,
tool calls, and response text
- LLM metrics dual-write to ClickHouse `llm_metrics_v1` table for
analytics
- LLM metrics built-in dashboard (unlinked at the moment)
- Provider cost fallback — uses gateway/OpenRouter reported costs from
`providerMetadata` when registry pricing is unavailable
- Prefix-stripping for gateway/OpenRouter model names (e.g.
`mistral/mistral-large-3` matches `mistral-large-3` pricing)
- Admin dashboard for managing LLM model pricing (list, create, edit,
delete, search, test pattern matching)
- Missing models detection page — queries ClickHouse for unpriced models
with sample spans and Claude Code-ready prompts for adding pricing
- AI span seed script (`pnpm run db:seed:ai-spans`) with 51 spans across
12 provider systems for local dev testing
- UI fixes: `completionTokens`/`promptTokens` aliases,
`ai.response.object` display for generateObject, cache read/write token
breakdown
## Screenshots:
<img width="1030" height="104" alt="CleanShot 2026-03-17 at 16 48 54@2x"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/bc8fccda-e48b-4d0c-bfb1-e620064e5979"
/>
<img width="1094" height="1512" alt="CleanShot 2026-03-17 at 16 49
23@2x"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/c2424569-d07e-4d67-a436-e8250043a1ee"
/>
<img width="1074" height="1412" alt="CleanShot 2026-03-17 at 16 49
18@2x"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/22342ac4-4769-45d1-a328-a24fb9a82a50"
/>
<img width="1012" height="2292" alt="CleanShot 2026-03-17 at 16 39
01@2x"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/59e327d1-6652-4293-8be0-bb8326e5fbc5"
/>
<img width="3680" height="2392" alt="CleanShot 2026-03-15 at 08 29
38@2x"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/1f77beb8-de67-495b-b890-bcdb8d7f1fe8"
/>
---------
Co-authored-by: James Ritchie <james@trigger.dev>
## Summary
Major expansion of the MCP server (14 → 25 tools), context efficiency
optimizations, new API endpoints, and a fix for the dev CLI leaking
build directories on disk.
### New MCP tools
- **Query & analytics**: `get_query_schema`, `query`, `list_dashboards`,
`run_dashboard_query` — query your data using TRQL directly from AI
assistants
- **Profile management**: `whoami`, `list_profiles`, `switch_profile` —
see and switch CLI profiles per-project (persisted to
`.trigger/mcp.json`)
- **Dev server control**: `start_dev_server`, `stop_dev_server`,
`dev_server_status` — start/stop `trigger dev` and stream build output
- **Task introspection**: `get_task_schema` — get payload schema for a
specific task (split out from `get_current_worker` to reduce context)
### New API endpoints
- `GET /api/v1/query/schema` — discover TRQL tables and columns
(server-driven, multi-table)
- `GET /api/v1/query/dashboards` — list built-in dashboard widgets and
their queries
### New features
- **`--readonly` flag** — hides write tools (`deploy`, `trigger_task`,
`cancel_run`) so agents can't make changes
- **`read:query` JWT scope** — new authorization scope for query
endpoints, with per-table granularity (`read:query:runs`,
`read:query:llm_metrics`, etc.)
- **Paginated trace output** — `get_run_details` now paginates trace
events via cursor, caching the full trace in a temp file so subsequent
pages don't re-fetch
- **MCP tool annotations** — all tools now have
`readOnlyHint`/`destructiveHint` annotations for clients that support
them
- **Project-scoped profile persistence** — `switch_profile` saves to
`.trigger/mcp.json` (gitignored), automatically loaded on next MCP
server start
### Context optimizations
- `get_query_schema` requires a table name — returns one table's schema
instead of all tables (60-80% fewer tokens)
- `get_current_worker` no longer inlines payload schemas — use
`get_task_schema` for specific tasks
- Query results formatted as text tables instead of JSON (~50% fewer
tokens for flat data)
- `cancel_run`, `list_deploys`, `list_preview_branches` formatted as
text instead of raw `JSON.stringify()`
- Schema and dashboard API responses cached (1hr and 5min respectively)
### Bug fixes
- Fixed `search_docs` failing due to renamed upstream Mintlify tool
(`SearchTriggerDev` → `search_trigger_dev`)
- Fixed `list_deploys` failing when deployments have null
`runtime`/`runtimeVersion` fields (fixes#3139)
- Fixed `list_preview_branches` crashing due to incorrect response shape
access
- Fixed `metrics` table column documented as `value` instead of
`metric_value` in query docs
- Fixed `/api/v1/query` not accepting JWT auth (added `allowJWT: true`)
### Dev CLI build directory fix
The dev CLI was leaking `build-*` directories in `.trigger/tmp/` on
every rebuild, accumulating hundreds of MB over time (842MB observed).
Three layers of protection added:
1. **During session**: deprecated workers are pruned (capped at 2
retained) when no active runs reference them, preventing unbounded
accumulation
2. **On SIGKILL/crash**: the watchdog process now cleans up
`.trigger/tmp/` when it detects the parent CLI was killed
3. **On next startup**: existing `clearTmpDirs()` wipes any remaining
orphans
## Test plan
- [ ] `pnpm run mcp:smoke` — 17 automated smoke tests for all read-only
MCP tools
- [ ] `pnpm run mcp:test list` — verify 25 tools registered (21 in
`--readonly` mode)
- [ ] `pnpm run mcp:test --readonly list` — verify write tools hidden
- [ ] Manual: start dev server, trigger task, rebuild multiple times,
verify build dirs stay capped at 4
- [ ] Manual: SIGKILL the dev CLI, verify watchdog cleans up
`.trigger/tmp/`
- [ ] Verify new API endpoints return correct data: `GET
/api/v1/query/schema`, `GET /api/v1/query/dashboards`
🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)
A top-level Errors page that aggregates errors from failed runs with
occurrences metrics.
https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/8f0ef55e-90dd-4faa-9051-59f4665181e4
Errors are “fingerprinted” so similar errors are grouped together (e.g.
has an ID in the error message).
You can view an individual error to view a timeline of when it fired,
the runs, and bulk replay them.
Gracefully handle oversized batch items instead of aborting the stream.
When an NDJSON batch item exceeds the maximum size, the parser now emits
an error marker instead of throwing, allowing the batch to seal
normally. The oversized item becomes a pre-failed run with
`PAYLOAD_TOO_LARGE` error code, while other items in the batch process
successfully. This prevents `batchTriggerAndWait` from seeing connection
errors and retrying with exponential backoff.
Also fixes the NDJSON parser not consuming the remainder of an oversized
line split across multiple chunks, which caused "Invalid JSON" errors on
subsequent lines.
This PR implements a new run TTL system and queue size limits to prevent
unbounded queue growth which should help prevent situations where queues
enter a "death spiral" where the queue will never be able to catch up.
The main/correct way to battle this situation is to enforce a maximum
TTL on all runs (e.g. up to 14 days) where runs that have been queued
for that maximum TTL will get auto-expired, making room for newer runs
to execute. This required creating a new TTL system that can handle
higher workloads and is now deeply integrated into the RunQueue. When
runs are enqueued with a TTL, they are added to their normal queue as
well as to the TTL queue. When runs are dequeued, they are removed from
both their normal queue and the TTL queue. If runs are dequeued by the
TTL system, they are removed from their normal queue. Both these
dequeues happen automatically so there is no race condition.
The TTL expiration system is also made reliable by expiring runs via a
Redis worker, which is enqueued to atomically inside the TTL dequeue lua
script.
### Optional associated waitpoints
Additionally, this PR implements an optimization where runs that aren't
triggered with a dependent parent run will no longer create an
associated waitpoint. Associated waitpoints are then lazily created if a
dependent run wants to wait for the child run post-facto (via debounce
or idempotency), which is a rare situation but is possible. This means
fewer waitpoint creations but also fewer waitpoint completions for runs
with no dependencies.
### Environment Queue Limits
Prevents any single queue growing too large by enforcing queue size
limits at trigger time.
- Queue size checks happen at trigger time - runs are rejected if queue
would exceed limit
- Dashboard UI shows queue limits on both the Queues page and a new
Limits page
- In-memory caching for queue size checks to reduce Redis load
### Batch trigger fixes
Currently when a batch item cannot be created for whatever reason (e.g.
queue limits) the run will never get created, which means a stalled run
if using `batchTriggerAndWait`. We've updated the system to handle this
differently: now when a batch item cannot be triggered and converted
into a run, we will eventually (after retrying 8 times up to 30s) we
will create a "pre-failed" run with the error details, correctly
resolving the batchTriggerAndWait.
## Summary
- Store the original user-provided idempotency key and scope alongside
the hash
- Expose `ctx.run.idempotencyKey` as the user-provided key (not the
hash)
- Add `ctx.run.idempotencyKeyScope` to show the scope ("run", "attempt",
or "global")
<img width="539" height="450" alt="CleanShot 2026-01-19 at 11 40 46"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/b6f42991-697e-4314-a164-aef77b8fd25c"
/>
## Problem
Idempotency keys were hashed (SHA-256) before storage, making debugging
difficult since users couldn't see the value they originally set or
search for runs by idempotency key.
## Solution
Attach metadata to the `String` object returned by
`idempotencyKeys.create()` using a Symbol, extract it in the SDK before
the API call, and store it in the database alongside the hash.
```typescript
const key = await idempotencyKeys.create("my-key", { scope: "global" });
await childTask.triggerAndWait(payload, { idempotencyKey: key });
// In child task:
ctx.run.idempotencyKey // "my-key" (previously showed the hash)
ctx.run.idempotencyKeyScope // "global"
```
Test plan
- Trigger task with idempotencyKeys.create() using different scopes (run, attempt, global)
- Verify ctx.run.idempotencyKey returns user-provided key
- Verify ctx.run.idempotencyKeyScope returns correct scope
- Verify PostgreSQL stores idempotencyKeyOptions JSON
- Verify ClickHouse receives idempotency_key_user and idempotency_key_scope via replication
---------
Co-authored-by: James Ritchie <james@trigger.dev>
## Summary
Optimizes the runs replication service for better CPU efficiency and
throughput when inserting task runs into ClickHouse.
### Key Changes
- **Switch to compact array format** - Uses
`JSONCompactEachRowWithNames` instead of `JSONEachRow` for ClickHouse
inserts, reducing JSON serialization overhead
- **Type-safe tuple arrays** - Introduces `TaskRunInsertArray` and
`PayloadInsertArray` tuple types with compile-time column order
validation
- **Pre-sorted batch inserts** - Sorts inserts by primary key before
flushing for better ClickHouse insert performance
- **Programmatic index generation** - `TASK_RUN_INDEX` and
`PAYLOAD_INDEX` are generated from column arrays to prevent manual
synchronization errors
### Files Changed
- `runsReplicationService.server.ts` - Core optimization to use compact
array inserts
- `@internal/clickhouse` - Added `insertCompactRaw` method and tuple
types
- `taskRuns.ts` - Column definitions, index constants, and insert
functions
---------
Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Summary
- Improve query experience and safety across ClickHouse and TSQL.
Changes
- Display JSON columns when in non-pretty mode (no longer show [Object
Object]).
- Sanitize ClickHouse errors originating from TSQL.
- Remove tenant details from errors.
- Add AI-assisted error-fixing for queries.
- Improve code quality and readability.
- Provide autocomplete support for enum values.
- Enforce limits on ClickHouse queries (10s query limit).
- Add org-level and global concurrency limits.
- Warn and train AI to avoid SELECT *; when used, only return core
columns and show info.
- If AI suggests no time range, default to past 7 days.
- Format the default query for readability.
- Add an admin-only EXPLAIN button.
- Prevent impersonation queries from being saved to history.
TRQL (pronounced Treacle like the delicious British dark sweet syrup) is
the TRiggerQueryLanguage. It allows users to safely write queries on
their data. The queries are safely turned into ClickHouse queries which
are tenant-safe and not SQL injectable.
https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/bbfca473-b3fc-4150-8fe6-79e8840a2d29
This started out as a translation of HogQL by PostHog from Python to
TypeScript.
Features
- Tenant safe queries.
- Many underlying ClickHouse features including functions and
aggregations.
- Virtual columns, which are exposed to users as real columns but are
actually expressions.
- Transformations of data types and where clauses.
- Simple JSON path querying.
- Limits on execution time.
- Reporting of query statistics.
## Query page
There’s a new Query page (currently behind a feature flag) where you can
write TRQL queries and execute them against your environment, project or
organization.
Features
- Executing TRQL queries
- Syntax highlighting and errors
- Autocomplete
- AI generation/editing of queries
- Help and examples
- Table with auto-inferred data types from the table schema
- Table cell renderers for our special types like Run ids, environments,
machines, tasks, queues, etc.
- Copy/export as CSV/JSON
- Line and bar graphs with grouping and stacking
- History of queries
Adds support for **debounced task runs** - when triggering a task with a
debounce key, subsequent triggers with the same key will reschedule the
existing delayed run instead of creating new runs. This continues until
no new triggers occur within the delay window.
## Usage
```typescript
await myTask.trigger({ userId: "123" }, {
debounce: {
key: "user-123-update",
delay: "5s",
mode: "leading", // default
}
});
```
- **key**: Scoped to the task identifier
- **delay**: How long to wait before executing (supports duration
strings like `"5s"`, `"1m"`)
- **mode**: Either `"leading"` or `"trailing"`. Leading debounce will
use the payload and options from the first run created with the debounce
key. Trailing will use payload and options from the last run.
### "trailing" mode overrides
When using `mode: "trailing"` with debounce, the following options are
updated from the **last** trigger:
- **`payload`** - The task input data
- **`metadata`** - Run metadata
- **`tags`** - Run tags (replaces existing tags)
- **`maxAttempts`** - Maximum retry attempts
- **`maxDuration`** - Maximum compute time
- **`machine`** - Machine preset (cpu/memory)
## Behavior
- **First run wins**: The first trigger creates the run, subsequent
triggers push its execution time later
- **Idempotency keys take precedence**: If both are specified,
idempotency is checked first
- **Max duration**: Configurable via `DEBOUNCE_MAX_DURATION_MS` env var
(default: 10 minutes)
Works with `triggerAndWait` - parent runs correctly block on the
debounced run.
New batch trigger system with larger payloads, streaming ingestion,
larger batch sizes, and a fair processing system.
This PR introduces a new `FairQueue` abstraction inspired by our own
`RunQueue` that enables multi-tenant fair queueing with concurrency
limits. The new `BatchQueue` is built on top of the `FairQueue`, and
handles processing Batch triggers in a fair manner with per-environment
concurrency limits defined per-org. Additionally, there is a global
concurrency limit to prevent the BatchQueue system from creating too
many runs too quickly, which can cause downstream issues.
For this new BatchQueue system we have a completely new batch trigger
creation and ingestion system. Previously this was a single endpoint
with a single JSON body that defined details about the batch as well as
all the items in the batch.
We're introducing a two-phase batch trigger ingestion system. In the
first phase, the BatchTaskRun record is created (and possibly rate
limited). The second phase is another endpoint that accepts an NDJSON
body with each line being a single item/run with payload and options.
At ingestion time all items are added to a queue, in order, and then
processed by the BatchQueue system.
## New batch trigger rate limits
This PR implements a new batch trigger specific rate limit, configured
on the `Organization.batchRateLimitConfig` column, and defaults using
these environment variables:
- `BATCH_RATE_LIMIT_REFILL_RATE` defaults to 10
- `BATCH_RATE_LIMIT_REFILL_INTERVAL` the duration interval, defaults to
`"10s"`
- `BATCH_RATE_LIMIT_MAX` defaults to 1200
This rate limiter is scoped to the environment ID and controls how many
runs can be submitted via batch triggers per interval. The SDK handles
the retrying side.
## Batch queue concurrency limits
The new column `Organization.batchQueueConcurrencyConfig` now defines an
org specific `processingConcurrency` value, with a backup of the env var
`BATCH_CONCURRENCY_LIMIT_DEFAULT` which defaults to 10. This controls
how many batch queue items are processed concurrently per environment.
There is also a global rate limit for the batch queue set via the
`BATCH_QUEUE_GLOBAL_RATE_LIMIT` which defaults to being disabled. If
set, the entire batch queue system won't process more than
`BATCH_QUEUE_GLOBAL_RATE_LIMIT` items per second. This allows
controlling the maximum number of runs created per second via batch
triggers.
## Batch trigger settings
- `STREAMING_BATCH_MAX_ITEMS` controls the maximum number of items in a
single batch
- `STREAMING_BATCH_ITEM_MAXIMUM_SIZE` controls the maximum size of each
item in a batch
- `BATCH_CONCURRENCY_DEFAULT_CONCURRENCY` controls the default
environment concurrency
- `BATCH_QUEUE_DRR_QUANTUM` how many credits each environment gets each
round for the DRR scheduler
- `BATCH_QUEUE_MAX_DEFICIT` the maximum deficit for the DRR scheduler
- `BATCH_QUEUE_CONSUMER_COUNT` how many queue consumers to run
- `BATCH_QUEUE_CONSUMER_INTERVAL_MS` how frequently they poll for items
in the queue
### Configuration Recommendations by Use Case
**High-throughput priority (fairness acceptable at 0.98+):**
```env
BATCH_QUEUE_DRR_QUANTUM=25
BATCH_QUEUE_MAX_DEFICIT=100
BATCH_QUEUE_CONSUMER_COUNT=10
BATCH_QUEUE_CONSUMER_INTERVAL_MS=50
BATCH_CONCURRENCY_DEFAULT_CONCURRENCY=25
```
**Strict fairness priority (throughput can be lower):**
```env
BATCH_QUEUE_DRR_QUANTUM=5
BATCH_QUEUE_MAX_DEFICIT=25
BATCH_QUEUE_CONSUMER_COUNT=3
BATCH_QUEUE_CONSUMER_INTERVAL_MS=100
BATCH_CONCURRENCY_DEFAULT_CONCURRENCY=5
```
* Mo-Stashed changes
* fix(core): prettyPrintingPacket will now do a structuredClone on non-circular references instead of outputting [Circular]
This also fixes an issue with replaying of runs that include
non-circular references
* feat(webapp): upgrade otel packages and add more metrics
* add env var to disable additional detectors
* expose more prisma metrics
* chore(webapp): drop node 16 support
* Create schema and migration for organization access tokens
* Add helpers for creating and authenticating OATs
* Adapt the auth service to also accept OATs
* Accept OATs in the whoami v2 endpoint
* Enable deployments with the CLI using OATs
* Avoid reading env variables directly in the token utils
* Remove duplicate cli token utils
* Validate ENCRYPTION_KEY length when parsing env vars
* Make token utils a server-only module
* Disallow revoking already revoked OATs
* Simplify generics in authenticateRequest
* Use 32 bytes mock encryption key in the test setup
* Update dummy encryption key values in tests and templates
* Add a column in the OATs table to differentiate between user and system generated
* Simplify args for v3ProjectPath
Co-authored-by: Matt Aitken <matt@mattaitken.com>
* Add index on org id and createdAt
* Avoid storing the encrypted oat token and its obfuscated version in the DB at all
It is a safer approach. Also we do not need to ever read the decrypted token value after creation.
* Fix prisma update condition
* Add token type to the OAT table index
* Accept OATs in the mcp auth flow
* Simplify env auth flow around the /projects endpoints
---------
Co-authored-by: Matt Aitken <matt@mattaitken.com>
* prevent infinite retry loop for unicode errors
* structured logs for prisma events
* preserve all prisma event fields
* either use structured logs or stdout, never both
* split runs repo tests
* decrease test shards to 8
* Premerge run batch before sending it to clickhouse
* Pre-order batch items before sending to clickhouse in favor of performance
* existing
* Emit event on batch flushes
* When merging batches, keep the last occurrence items with the same version
* Add a couple of tests
Dan Sutton
