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<h1 id="testing-mcp-servers">Testing MCP Servers</h1>
|
|
<p>If you call yourself a developer, you will want to test your MCP server.
|
|
The Python SDK offers the <code>create_connected_server_and_client_session</code> function to create a session
|
|
using an in-memory transport. I know, I know, the name is too long... We are working on improving it.</p>
|
|
<p>Anyway, let's assume you have a simple server with a single tool:</p>
|
|
<div class="language-python highlight"><span class="filename">server.py</span><pre><span></span><code><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">mcp.server</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">FastMCP</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="n">app</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">FastMCP</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Calculator"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="nd">@app</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">tool</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
|
<span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">add</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
<span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""Add two numbers."""</span> <span class="c1"># (1)!</span>
|
|
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">a</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">b</span>
|
|
</code></pre></div>
|
|
<ol>
|
|
<li>The docstring is automatically added as the description of the tool.</li>
|
|
</ol>
|
|
<p>To run the below test, you'll need to install the following dependencies:</p>
|
|
<div class="tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs="1:2"><input checked="checked" id="__tabbed_1_1" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio"><input id="__tabbed_1_2" name="__tabbed_1" type="radio"><div class="tabbed-labels"><label for="__tabbed_1_1">pip</label><label for="__tabbed_1_2">uv</label></div>
|
|
<div class="tabbed-content">
|
|
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
|
<div class="language-bash highlight"><pre><span></span><code>pip<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span>inline-snapshot<span class="w"> </span>pytest
|
|
</code></pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="tabbed-block">
|
|
<div class="language-bash highlight"><pre><span></span><code>uv<span class="w"> </span>add<span class="w"> </span>inline-snapshot<span class="w"> </span>pytest
|
|
</code></pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="admonition info">
|
|
<p class="admonition-title">Info</p>
|
|
<p>I think <a href="https://docs.pytest.org/en/stable/"><code>pytest</code></a> is a pretty standard testing framework,
|
|
so I won't go into details here.</p>
|
|
<p>The <a href="https://15r10nk.github.io/inline-snapshot/latest/"><code>inline-snapshot</code></a> is a library that allows
|
|
you to take snapshots of the output of your tests. Which makes it easier to create tests for your
|
|
server - you don't need to use it, but we are spreading the word for best practices.</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="language-python highlight"><span class="filename">test_server.py</span><pre><span></span><code><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">collections.abc</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">AsyncGenerator</span>
|
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|
|
<span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">pytest</span>
|
|
<span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">inline_snapshot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">snapshot</span>
|
|
<span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">mcp.client.session</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">ClientSession</span>
|
|
<span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">mcp.shared.memory</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">create_connected_server_and_client_session</span>
|
|
<span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">mcp.types</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">CallToolResult</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">TextContent</span>
|
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|
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<span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">server</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">app</span>
|
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<span class="nd">@pytest</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">fixture</span>
|
|
<span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">anyio_backend</span><span class="p">():</span> <span class="c1"># (1)!</span>
|
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<span class="k">return</span> <span class="s2">"asyncio"</span>
|
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|
<span class="nd">@pytest</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">fixture</span>
|
|
<span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">client_session</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">-></span> <span class="n">AsyncGenerator</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">ClientSession</span><span class="p">]:</span>
|
|
<span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">create_connected_server_and_client_session</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">app</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">raise_exceptions</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">_session</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
<span class="k">yield</span> <span class="n">_session</span>
|
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|
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|
|
<span class="nd">@pytest</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mark</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">anyio</span>
|
|
<span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">test_call_add_tool</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">client_session</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">ClientSession</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
|
<span class="n">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">client_session</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">call_tool</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"add"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"a"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"b"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">})</span>
|
|
<span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">result</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">snapshot</span><span class="p">(</span>
|
|
<span class="n">CallToolResult</span><span class="p">(</span>
|
|
<span class="n">content</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">TextContent</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"text"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">text</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"3"</span><span class="p">)],</span>
|
|
<span class="n">structuredContent</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="s2">"result"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">},</span>
|
|
<span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="p">)</span>
|
|
</code></pre></div>
|
|
<ol>
|
|
<li>If you are using <code>trio</code>, you should set <code>"trio"</code> as the <code>anyio_backend</code>. Check more information in the <a href="https://anyio.readthedocs.io/en/stable/testing.html#specifying-the-backends-to-run-on">anyio documentation</a>.</li>
|
|
</ol>
|
|
<p>There you go! You can now extend your tests to cover more scenarios.</p>
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