google--adk-python/contributing/samples/evaluation/rubric_criteria

Rubric-based evaluation

Overview

Score response quality and tool-use quality against custom yes/no rubrics judged by an LLM, with no reference answer required. This sample evaluates the shared home-automation agent with two reference-free, LLM-judged criteria:

• rubric_based_final_response_quality_v1: judges the agent's final response against rubrics about how good the answer is (does it name the device(s) in the requested location and report each one's on/off status? is it concise?).
• rubric_based_tool_use_quality_v1: judges the agent's tool calls against rubrics about how it used its tools (does it filter list_devices by the room the user named? does it avoid changing the temperature when only asked to inspect devices?).

Each criterion scores the agent against the custom yes/no rubrics you provide, so you evaluate quality directly instead of matching a golden answer. Because the judge is an LLM, this sample needs a model credential for the judge (a Gemini API key or Vertex), in addition to the credential used for the agent's own inference.

Sample Inputs

The eval set (home_automation.evalset.json) contains one single-turn case:

• What devices are in the Bedroom?

How To

Run the sample from the workspace root:

adk eval contributing/samples/evaluation/home_automation_agent \
    contributing/samples/evaluation/rubric_criteria/home_automation.evalset.json \
    --config_file_path contributing/samples/evaluation/rubric_criteria/eval_config.json \
    --print_detailed_results

adk eval takes the agent folder and the eval-set file as two separate arguments, so this folder holds only eval data (home_automation.evalset.json), the criteria config (eval_config.json), and this README, with no agent code.

The rubrics list

Both criteria are configured in eval_config.json through a rubrics list. Each rubric is a single yes/no property the judge decides against the agent's behavior:

• rubric_id: a stable, unique identifier for the rubric (e.g. reports_device_state). It labels the rubric in the scored output and must be unique within the criterion.
• rubric_content.text_property: the natural-language property being judged, phrased so the answer is a clean "yes" or "no" (e.g. "The response is concise and free of filler."). Write each property as one fair, achievable behavior; avoid bundling several requirements into one rubric.

The rubrics list must be non-empty: RubricBasedEvaluator asserts this at init, so a rubric-based criterion with no rubrics fails immediately.

For each invocation the judge is sampled num_samples times (here 5); the per-rubric verdicts are combined by majority vote, and the criterion score is the fraction of rubrics that pass. The threshold then decides the case: rubric_based_final_response_quality_v1 uses 0.8 (a strong majority of its rubrics must hold), and rubric_based_tool_use_quality_v1 uses 1.0 (every tool-use rubric must hold).

Criterion-level vs. per-case rubrics

The rubrics in eval_config.json are criterion-level: they apply to every eval case scored by that criterion. You can also attach rubrics to a single case via EvalCase.rubrics in the eval set. Per-case rubrics are filtered by their type field before they are handed to a criterion:

• rubric_based_final_response_quality_v1 only consumes rubrics of type FINAL_RESPONSE_QUALITY.
• rubric_based_tool_use_quality_v1 only consumes rubrics of type TOOL_USE_QUALITY.

The filtered per-case rubrics are then added to the criterion-level list to form the effective rubric list for the case. Rubric IDs must be unique across the two scopes: a rubric_id that appears in both the criterion-level list and a case's EvalCase.rubrics raises an error: duplicates are not silently deduplicated or overridden. Use criterion-level rubrics for expectations shared across the whole eval set and per-case rubrics for expectations unique to one scenario.

When quality rubrics beat reference matching

Reach for rubric-based criteria when "correct" isn't a single golden answer or trajectory. Reference-based criteria like response_match_score (ROUGE-1) or tool_trajectory_avg_score require you to write the expected answer or the exact sequence of tool calls, and they penalize any legitimate variation: a reworded-but-correct answer, or a harmless extra tool call. Rubrics instead let you state the qualities that matter ("confirms the device and its state", "uses a location filter") and let the judge decide whether the agent exhibited them, regardless of exact wording or an extra step. That makes them a good fit for open-ended responses and flexible trajectories where you care about quality, not byte-for-byte equality. The trade-off is the usual LLM-judge cost: a model call per sample, plus some run-to-run variability that num_samples and majority vote are there to smooth out. Keep the deterministic reference-based criteria when the answer or trajectory really is fixed.

Related Guides

• Evaluation overview: https://adk.dev/evaluate/
• Evaluation criteria reference: https://adk.dev/evaluate/criteria/