<!-- CURSOR_SUMMARY -->
> [!NOTE]
> **Low Risk**
> Low risk: CLI-only behavior change that adds a default cap and minor
output messaging; main risk is surprising users who previously relied on
unlimited listing unless they pass `--limit 0`.
>
> **Overview**
> Adds an **implicit default limit** to `sandbox list` (now defaults to
`1000`, with `--limit 0` meaning no limit) to avoid unbounded sandbox
listing.
>
> Updates `listSandboxes` to return `{ sandboxes, hasMore }` and prints
a note in pretty output when results are truncated, while keeping API
pagination capped at `100` per page.
>
> <sup>Written by [Cursor
Bugbot](https://cursor.com/dashboard?tab=bugbot) for commit
3a291032c379822cb4065321f2d3db4a81a19086. This will update automatically
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<!-- /CURSOR_SUMMARY -->
## Summary
- Fixes `Sandbox.create()` failing in self-hosted environments because
`sandboxHeaders` were not propagated to `EnvdApiClient`
- Spreads `sandboxHeaders` (`E2b-Sandbox-Id`, `E2b-Sandbox-Port`) into
the headers passed to the envd API client
Closes#1158
Based on #1159 by @ajuijas
## Test plan
- [ ] Verify sandbox creation works in self-hosted environments
- [ ] Verify sandbox headers are correctly passed to EnvdApiClient
<!-- CURSOR_SUMMARY -->
---
> [!NOTE]
> <sup>[Cursor Bugbot](https://cursor.com/dashboard?tab=bugbot) is
generating a summary for commit
f78d8b53196ced16dc48916720f02a1cb957884b. Configure
[here](https://cursor.com/dashboard?tab=bugbot).</sup>
<!-- /CURSOR_SUMMARY -->
---------
Signed-off-by: ajuijas <ijas.ahmd.ap@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: ajuijas <ijas.ahmd.ap@gmail.com>
## Summary
- Enable glob patterns to match files starting with dot (e.g., `.env`,
`.gitignore`)
- JS SDK: Add `dot: true` to glob calls in `getAllFilesInPath`
- Python SDK: Add `glob.DOTMATCH` flag to glob calls in
`get_all_files_in_path`
- Add comprehensive tests for dotfile handling in both SDKs
Previously, the glob library defaults prevented dotfiles from being
matched, preventing upload of configuration files like `.env`. This fix
enables proper handling of dotfiles in template file uploads.
## Test plan
- ✅ All 16 JS SDK tests pass (4 new dotfile tests)
- ✅ All 17 Python SDK tests pass (4 new dotfile tests)
- ✅ `pnpm run format` passes
- ✅ `pnpm run lint` passes
- ✅ `pnpm run typecheck` passes
🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)
<!-- CURSOR_SUMMARY -->
---
> [!NOTE]
> **Low Risk**
> Small, well-scoped change to glob options that only broadens matched
file sets; main risk is unintentionally including hidden files unless
excluded via ignore patterns.
>
> **Overview**
> Template file collection now includes dot-prefixed files and
directories (e.g., `.env`, `.gitignore`, `.hidden/**`) when
building/uploading templates.
>
> This updates globbing in the JS SDK’s `getAllFilesInPath` to set `dot:
true` (including recursive directory expansion) and the Python SDK’s
`get_all_files_in_path` to add `glob.DOTMATCH`, and adds targeted tests
in both SDKs to verify dotfile inclusion and that ignore patterns still
exclude specified dotfiles. A changeset bumps both `e2b` and
`@e2b/python-sdk` as patch releases.
>
> <sup>Written by [Cursor
Bugbot](https://cursor.com/dashboard?tab=bugbot) for commit
fc3cbcc232bc28559d38bb267162d3f55138b558. This will update automatically
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<!-- /CURSOR_SUMMARY -->
---------
Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Implements the `lifecycle` prop on `Sandbox.create`, taking over and
deprecating the `beta_pause` functionality.
Currently supports:
- `on_timeout`: `kill` (default) | `pause`. Controls what should happen
to the sandbox when it hits end of life. Pause allows for resuming
- `auto_resume`: False (default) | True. Whether the sandbox should
autoresume on traffic
Intended for additional functionality as we update the backend to
support additional props. Blocked from deploying until the API and
client-proxy are deployed but for pre-approval.
(Meant to be extended later as add more capabilities to the API)
<!-- CURSOR_SUMMARY -->
---
> [!NOTE]
> **Medium Risk**
> Changes the API contract and request payload shape for sandbox
auto-resume and alters lifecycle/timeout behavior mapping, which could
break older integrations if backend/client versions are mismatched.
>
> **Overview**
> Adds a new `lifecycle` configuration on `Sandbox.create` (JS + Python)
to control what happens at timeout (`kill` vs `pause`) and whether
paused sandboxes auto-resume on traffic (`auto_resume`).
>
> Deprecates `betaPause`/`beta_pause` and the JS `autoPause` create
option in favor of the new lifecycle semantics, updates connect/pause
call paths accordingly, and expands tests to cover resume-on-connect and
auto-resume behaviors.
>
> Updates the OpenAPI contract and generated clients so `autoResume` is
now an object with an `enabled: boolean` flag (removing the previous
policy enum), and bumps SDK versions via a changeset.
>
> <sup>Written by [Cursor
Bugbot](https://cursor.com/dashboard?tab=bugbot) for commit
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<!-- /CURSOR_SUMMARY -->
## Summary
- Add `GET /templates/{templateID}/tags` endpoint to the OpenAPI spec
- Add `Template.getTags()` to JS/TS SDK
- Add `Template.get_tags()` (sync) and `AsyncTemplate.get_tags()`
(async) to Python SDK
- Returns a list of `TemplateTag` objects with `tag`, `buildId`, and
`createdAt` fields
## Test plan
- Added unit tests for JS SDK (`Template.getTags` happy path + 404
error)
- Added unit tests for Python SDK (sync + async, happy path + error)
Example:
```
e2b sbx create base -d
```
Output:
```
Use the following link to inspect this Sandbox live inside the E2B Dashboard️:
↪ https://e2b.dev/dashboard/inspect/sandbox/i4dct03zur3guplje3eia
Sandbox created with ID i4dct03zur3guplje3eia using template base
```
<!-- CURSOR_SUMMARY -->
---
> [!NOTE]
> **Low Risk**
> Small CLI behavior change isolated to sandbox creation/connection
flow; primary risk is unintended behavior differences in terminal-attach
path due to the refactor.
>
> **Overview**
> Adds `-d, --detach` to `e2b sandbox create` so users can create a
sandbox and get its dashboard/ID output without connecting a terminal.
>
> Refactors sandbox creation to happen in the command handler and passes
the created `sandbox` into `connectSandbox`, which now only manages the
keep-alive loop and terminal attachment when not detached.
>
> <sup>Written by [Cursor
Bugbot](https://cursor.com/dashboard?tab=bugbot) for commit
cb8be14bb71073b8299010cd45509ca2a58ca32e. This will update automatically
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This PR updates the sandbox spawn process to print the inspect URL to
the console when a new sandbox is created using `e2b sbx spawn` or `e2b
sbx create`. This makes it easier for users to access and debug new
sandboxes directly after creation.
<img width="556" height="87" alt="Screenshot 2025-09-15 at 2 54 22 PM"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/783129e3-443d-4a7c-a86e-a4265d90831f"
/>
<!-- CURSOR_SUMMARY -->
---
> [!NOTE]
> **Low Risk**
> Low risk: primarily adds extra CLI output and URL construction with
env-configurable base; no changes to sandbox lifecycle or auth logic.
>
> **Overview**
> **Prints a Dashboard inspection link when connecting to or creating a
sandbox.** Both `sandbox connect` and `sandbox create` now output a
terminal-clickable E2B Dashboard *Inspect Sandbox* URL immediately after
obtaining the `sandboxId`.
>
> Adds `DASHBOARD_BASE`/`SANDBOX_INSPECT_URL` (env-overridable via
`E2B_DASHBOARD_BASE`/`E2B_DOMAIN`) and a new
`printDashboardSandboxInspectUrl` helper to format and print the link,
plus a changeset bump for `@e2b/cli`.
>
> <sup>Written by [Cursor
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<!-- /CURSOR_SUMMARY -->
## Summary
- Resolved 43 type diagnostics reported by ty (Astral's Python type
checker)
- Fixed Self type issues on class singletons
- Added explicit type annotations for shadowed attributes
- Replaced None with UNSET for auto-generated API parameters
- Fixed method signature alignment for protocol matching
- Added targeted type: ignore suppressions for pattern-based limitations
All checks pass: ty check, ruff format, ruff check.
<!-- CURSOR_SUMMARY -->
---
> [!NOTE]
> **Medium Risk**
> Mostly typing/CI changes, but some adjustments affect sandbox
connect/pause overload dispatch and API response/parameter handling
(`UNSET` vs `None`), which could alter edge-case runtime behavior.
>
> **Overview**
> Fixes Python SDK static typing issues for Astral’s `ty` checker and
wires typechecking into CI.
>
> Adds a new `Typecheck` GitHub Action plus workspace `typecheck`
scripts (TS packages via `tsc`, Python SDK via `make typecheck` running
`ty`), and publishes a patch changeset for `@e2b/python-sdk`.
>
> Across the Python SDK, adjusts type annotations and overloads (e.g.,
`Self`/singleton typing, `connect` overloads, optional
`user`/token/domain handling), tightens API model parsing with
`cast`/`Optional` checks and `UNSET` usage, and adds a few targeted `ty`
ignore comments in tests/protocols to silence checker limitations.
>
> <sup>Written by [Cursor
Bugbot](https://cursor.com/dashboard?tab=bugbot) for commit
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<!-- /CURSOR_SUMMARY -->
---------
Co-authored-by: Claude Haiku 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-authored-by: Copilot Autofix powered by AI <62310815+github-advanced-security[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
## Summary
- Fixes `ty` type checker reporting `error[no-matching-overload]` when
calling `Sandbox.kill()` (and all other methods using the
`class_method_variant` pattern)
- Single 2-line change: make `class_method_variant` inherit from
`Generic[T]` instead of `object`
## Problem
The `class_method_variant` descriptor uses `cast(T, self)` to tell type
checkers that the decorator preserves the original function's type.
Without `Generic[T]`, `T` is only a method-level TypeVar — `ty` doesn't
trust the cast and fails to resolve overloads at call sites. `mypy` and
`pyright` are more lenient and accept it either way.
Affected methods (both `Sandbox` and `AsyncSandbox`): `kill`, `connect`,
`set_timeout`, `get_info`, `get_metrics`, `beta_pause`.
## Fix
Adding `Generic[T]` makes `T` a class-level type parameter, so `ty` can
track the type binding through the descriptor
(`class_method_variant[(self, **opts) -> bool]`). The cast then makes
sense to all three type checkers.
## Verification
Tested with a consumer repro (`sandbox.kill()`) against:
| Type Checker | Before | After |
|---|---|---|
| ty 0.0.15 | `error[no-matching-overload]` | All checks passed |
| mypy 1.19.1 | All checks passed | All checks passed |
| pyright 1.1.408 | All checks passed | All checks passed |
## Test plan
- [x] Verified `ty check` passes on consumer-side repro
- [x] Verified `mypy` and `pyright` still pass (no regressions)
- [x] Verified Python syntax is valid
- [x] No runtime behavior change (`Generic[T]` only affects type-level
metadata)
Summary
- When E2B_API_KEY is set via environment variable, the CLI no longer
falls back to the teamId from
~/.e2b/config.json, avoiding "Team ID param mismatch with the API key"
errors
- Adds E2B_TEAM_ID environment variable support
- Introduces resolveTeamId() helper with clear precedence: --team CLI
flag > E2B_TEAM_ID env var > config
file (only when E2B_API_KEY env var is not set)
Problem
When using E2B_API_KEY env var (e.g. for local development or CI with a
different team), the CLI still
reads teamId from ~/.e2b/config.json and sends it as a query parameter.
If the config file belongs to a
different team than the API key, the API rejects the request with 400:
Team ID param mismatch with the
API key.
Changes
- api.ts: Export E2B_TEAM_ID env var, add resolveTeamId() helper
- list.ts, build.ts, delete.ts, publish.ts: Use resolveTeamId() instead
of inline userConfig?.teamId
fallback
Test plan
- Set E2B_API_KEY to a key from team A, have ~/.e2b/config.json with
team B's ID → e2b template list
should work (no mismatch error)
- Set both E2B_API_KEY and E2B_TEAM_ID → CLI uses the env var team ID
- Without any env vars, normal e2b auth login flow still works as before
- --team flag still takes highest priority
<!-- CURSOR_SUMMARY -->
---
> [!NOTE]
> **Low Risk**
> Small, localized change to CLI argument/env/config precedence for team
selection; main risk is behavior changes for users relying on implicit
`~/.e2b/config.json` teamId when also setting `E2B_API_KEY`.
>
> **Overview**
> Fixes sandbox template commands failing with "Team ID param mismatch"
when `E2B_API_KEY` is set via environment by changing team resolution
precedence and avoiding `~/.e2b/config.json` team fallback in that case.
>
> Introduces `E2B_TEAM_ID` and a centralized `resolveTeamId()` helper
(CLI flag > env var > local `e2b.toml` > user config *only when no env
API key*), and updates template `build`, `list`, `delete`, and `publish`
flows to use it consistently. Adds a changeset bump for `@e2b/cli`.
>
> <sup>Written by [Cursor
Bugbot](https://cursor.com/dashboard?tab=bugbot) for commit
905172fc8e59f8325a8d36af913326f7eb47a15f. This will update automatically
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<!-- /CURSOR_SUMMARY -->
Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Add path validation to the copy method in both JS and Python SDKs to
ensure source paths are always relative and don't escape the context
directory.
This prevents:
- Absolute paths like /absolute/whatever (Unix) or C:\whatever (Windows)
- Path traversal attacks like ../whatever or ./foo/../../../bar
The validation works cross-platform using Node's
path.isAbsolute/normalize and Python's os.path.isabs/normpath plus
PureWindowsPath for detecting Windows paths on Unix.
<!-- CURSOR_SUMMARY -->
---
> [!NOTE]
> **Medium Risk**
> Changes behavior of `copy`/`copy_items` to throw earlier for
previously-accepted absolute or escaping paths, which could break some
consumers; logic is localized and well-covered by tests.
>
> **Overview**
> Prevents path traversal in template `copy` operations by validating
`src` is *relative* and does not escape the context directory (rejects
absolute paths and `..`-based escapes) in both the JS and Python SDKs.
>
> Updates `copyItems`/`copy_items` error handling to preserve the
caller’s stack trace when validation fails, adds unit coverage for the
new path validator plus new stack-trace tests for absolute-path
failures, and ships as patch releases via a changeset.
>
> <sup>Written by [Cursor
Bugbot](https://cursor.com/dashboard?tab=bugbot) for commit
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<!-- /CURSOR_SUMMARY -->
---------
Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Fixes issue with missing `restore` and `reset` functionality on the
async git sandboxes.
Consolidate shared git helpers by moving remote URL argument
construction and
parsing into the git utilities package. Sync and async git modules now
reuse
the same builders where possible, with tests to ensure no drift.
---------
Co-authored-by: Filip Brebera <filip@bxxf.dev>
# Sandbox Git Commands
Adds Git support to the sandbox class. This allows the sandbox to manage
git via standard clone, checkout, branch, add, pull, and push commands
without needing to use commands.run. The API mirrors common Git
workflows while handling sandbox-specific concerns like auth injection
and safe remote handling.
**Python example**
```python
from e2b import Sandbox
sandbox = Sandbox.create()
repo_path = '/home/user/my-repo'
# Optional: set author for commits
sandbox.git.configure_user('Your Name', 'you@example.com')
# Clone or init
sandbox.git.clone('https://github.com/org/repo.git', path=repo_path)
# or
sandbox.git.init(repo_path, initial_branch='main')
# Make a change
sandbox.files.write(f'{repo_path}/README.md', '# Hello\n')
# Commit
sandbox.git.add(repo_path, files=['README.md'])
sandbox.git.commit(repo_path, message='Initial commit')
# Branching
sandbox.git.create_branch(repo_path, 'feature1')
# or
sandbox.git.checkout_branch(repo_path, 'main')
# Push
sandbox.git.remote_add(repo_path, 'origin', 'https://github.com/org/repo.git', overwrite=True)
sandbox.git.push(repo_path, remote='origin', branch='main', set_upstream=True)
```
**JavaScript / TypeScript example**
```ts
import { Sandbox } from 'e2b'
const sandbox = await Sandbox.create()
const repoPath = '/home/user/my-repo'
await sandbox.git.configureUser('Your Name', 'you@example.com')
await sandbox.git.clone('https://github.com/org/repo.git', { path: repoPath })
// or
await sandbox.git.init(repoPath, { initialBranch: 'main' })
await sandbox.files.write(`${repoPath}/README.md`, '# Hello\n')
await sandbox.git.add(repoPath, { files: ['README.md'] })
await sandbox.git.commit(repoPath, { message: 'Initial commit' })
await sandbox.git.createBranch(repoPath, 'feature1')
await sandbox.git.checkoutBranch(repoPath, 'main')
await sandbox.git.remoteAdd(repoPath, 'origin', 'https://github.com/org/repo.git', {
overwrite: true,
})
await sandbox.git.push(repoPath, { remote: 'origin', branch: 'main', setUpstream: true })
```
**Main commands**
- `clone`: Clone a repo into the sandbox. Supports `branch`, `depth`,
optional `username` + `password` for private repos, and
`dangerously_store_credentials` / `dangerouslyStoreCredentials` to keep
credentials in the remote URL.
- `init`: Initialize a new repo. Supports `initial_branch` /
`initialBranch` and `bare`.
- `status`: Get parsed `git status --porcelain -b` info.
- `branches`: List branches and current branch.
- `create_branch` / `createBranch`: Create and check out a new branch.
- `checkout_branch` / `checkoutBranch`: Switch to an existing branch.
- `delete_branch` / `deleteBranch`: Delete a branch. Supports `force`.
- `add`: Stage files. Supports explicit files or `all`.
- `commit`: Create a commit. Supports author override and `allow_empty`.
- `reset` / `reset`: Reset `HEAD` (supports modes like `soft`, `mixed`,
`hard`, etc.) and optional paths.
- `restore` / `restore`: Restore files or unstage changes (`worktree` /
`staged`) from a source ref.
- `pull`: Pull from a remote. Supports `remote`, `branch`, and optional
auth.
- `push`: Push to a remote. Supports `remote`, `branch`, `set_upstream`,
and optional auth.
- `remote_add` / `remoteAdd`: Add a remote. Supports `overwrite` and
`fetch`.
- `remote_get` / `remoteGet`: Read a remote URL.
- `set_config` / `setConfig`: Set a git config value. Supports `scope`
(`global`, `local`, `system`), and `path` for local scope.
- `get_config` / `getConfig`: Read a git config value. Supports the same
`scope` options and returns `None` / `undefined` if unset.
- `dangerously_authenticate` / `dangerouslyAuthenticate`: Persist
credentials via the git credential helper (global).
- `configure_user` / `configureUser`: Set default `user.name` and
`user.email` for commits.
- `create_github_repo` (Python only): Create a GitHub repo from inside
the sandbox and optionally add it as a remote.
**Status shape**
- `status` returns a `GitStatus` with `current_branch` /
`currentBranch`, `upstream`, `ahead`, `behind`, `detached`, and
`file_status` / `fileStatus`.
- `file_status` entries include `name`, `status`, `index_status` /
`indexStatus`, `working_tree_status` / `workingTreeStatus`, `staged`,
and optional `renamed_from` / `renamedFrom`.
- Convenience helpers include: `is_clean` / `isClean`, `has_changes` /
`hasChanges`, `has_staged` / `hasStaged`, `has_untracked` /
`hasUntracked`, `has_conflicts` / `hasConflicts`, plus counts
(`total_count` / `totalCount`, `staged_count` / `stagedCount`,
`unstaged_count` / `unstagedCount`, `untracked_count` /
`untrackedCount`, `conflict_count` / `conflictCount`). In Python these
are properties on the `GitStatus` object; in JS they are fields on the
returned object.
**Notes**
- For private HTTPS remotes, pass `username` + `password` (token) on
`clone`, `pull`, or `push`.
- Use `remote_add` / `remoteAdd` with `overwrite=True` to update an
existing remote URL and `fetch=True` to fetch after.
- Use `dangerously_authenticate` / `dangerouslyAuthenticate` only when
you want to persist credentials globally on the sandbox.
<!-- CURSOR_SUMMARY -->
> [!NOTE]
> Optimizes file uploads in both JS and Python SDKs to avoid unnecessary
reads and add broader input support.
>
> - JS SDK: `Filesystem.write`/`writeFiles` now build a single
`FormData` using `toBlob` (new util) to pass
`string`/`ArrayBuffer`/`Blob`/`ReadableStream` without pre-reading;
updated tests add `ReadableStream` coverage
> - Python SDK (sync/async): `write_files` accepts `str`/`bytes`
directly, reads `TextIOBase`, and passes `IOBase` (binary) streams
through without reading; new tests cover `BytesIO` and `StringIO`
> - Changeset: patch bumps for `@e2b/python-sdk` and `e2b`
>
> <sup>Written by [Cursor
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<!-- /CURSOR_SUMMARY -->
<!-- CURSOR_SUMMARY -->
> [!NOTE]
> Ensures deterministic tar.gz archives during upload to prevent
content-length mismatches.
>
> - In `tarFileStream`, switch gzip option from `true` to `gzip: {
portable: true }` to produce stable gzip headers without altering file
modes
> - Adds a changeset noting a patch release for this behavior change
>
> <sup>Written by [Cursor
Bugbot](https://cursor.com/dashboard?tab=bugbot) for commit
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<!-- /CURSOR_SUMMARY -->
---------
Co-authored-by: noamzbr <noamzbr@users.noreply.github.com>
<!-- CURSOR_SUMMARY -->
> [!NOTE]
> **Python version floor raised**
>
> - Require `python ^3.10` in `pyproject.toml` and `.tool-versions`;
update `poetry.lock` metadata and deps to remove 3.9-only
packages/markers
> - Update `Makefile` `datamodel-codegen` to `--target-python-version
3.10`
> - Add changeset entry documenting the drop of Python 3.9 support
>
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To fix the inconsistency between the Python SDK and the JS SDK, add
writeFiles to the JS SDK. (no changes made to write function)
---------
Co-authored-by: Mish Ushakov <10400064+mishushakov@users.noreply.github.com>
<!-- CURSOR_SUMMARY -->
> [!NOTE]
> Adds the ability to execute commands inside a running sandbox from the
CLI.
>
> - New `sandbox exec` command (`exec.ts`): runs a command in a
specified sandbox, supports `--background`, `--cwd`, `--user`, and
repeatable `--env` options; streams stdout/stderr; returns remote exit
code; explicitly disallows stdin piping due to protocol limitations
> - Signal handling utility (`utils/signal.ts`): installs/removes
handlers to kill the remote process on termination signals
> - Registers `exec` in `sandbox/index.ts`
> - Updates `configOption` help in `options.ts` to recommend the new
build system
> - Adds changeset for `@e2b/cli` minor release
>
> <sup>Written by [Cursor
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<!-- /CURSOR_SUMMARY -->
Jakub Novák